中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的:了解中国购彩成瘾倾向者的心理与行为特征.方法:采用横断面研究方法,使用成人Nowicki-Strickland内-外控制量表、自编购彩者购彩行为调查表和购彩成瘾自评量表,在全国31个省(自治区、直辖市)114个城市的福利彩票投注站随机收集7160名购彩者的资料,并依据成瘾量表得分与购彩月花费占收入百分比筛选出成瘾倾向组316名和对照组463名,比较两组的一般资料、内外控特点和购彩行为特点.结果:成瘾倾向组与对照组的一般资料差异均有统计学意义(Ps＜0.01);成瘾倾向组的外控得分高于对照组[(17.0±5.0)vs.(12.4±4.8),P＜0.01];除彩龄以外,成瘾倾向组的其他购彩行为变量得分均高于对照组[如购彩月花费(758.2±851.9) vs. (155.3±378.3),P＜0.001];对有关变量进行logistic回归分析,结果内外控、月收入及每天花费时间进入方程[如内外控OR(95%CI)为1.22(1.17～1.28)].结论:中年、已婚、受教育程度低和月收入低的男性更易购彩成瘾.内外控特点、月收入和每天花费时间均是购彩成瘾的重要影响因素,但购彩成瘾倾向与彩龄无关.

Objective： To understand the psychological and behavioral characteristics of Chinese lottery buyers with higher addictive tendency. Methods： In this cross-sectional study, 7160 cases were selected randomly from welfare betting shops in 31 provinces of China, and were assessed with the Adult Nowicki-strickland Internal-External Control Scale, self-made Lottery Buyers＇ Buying Behavior Questionnaire, and self-made Lottery Addiction Scale. According to the scores of Lottery Addiction Scale and the percentage of monthly lottery expense of monthly income, there were 316 buyers in high addictive tendency group and 463 buyers with low addictive tendency in control group. The differences between the two groups in the general information, internal-external control traits and lottery buying behavior characteristics were compared. Results： There were significant differences for all the general information between the two groups （Ps 〈0. 01） . The external control score in high addictive tendency group was significant higher than that in control group [ （ 17.0 ± 5.0） vs. （ 12. 4 ± 4. 8 ）, P 〈 0. 01 ] . Except for the experience of buying lottery, lottery buying behavior variables in high addictive tendency group were all higher than those in control group, e.g. expense on lottery monthly [ （ 758.2 ± 851.9 ） vs. （ 155.3 ± 378.3 ）, P 〈 0. 01 ] .Lgistic regression showed that internal-external control, income and time expended on the lottery every day had influences on the addictive tendency of lottery buying, e. g. internal-external control （ OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.17 - 1.28 ） . Conclusion： Most of the lottery buyers with addictive tendency are married middle-aged males with low educational background and low-income. Internal-external control, income and time expended on the lottery every day have important influences on theaddictive tendency of lottery buying. The addictive tendency of lottery buying is not related to the experience of buying lottery.

中国科学院心理研究所青年基金(07CX061006)