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离退休老干部心理健康和心理需求的调查 | |
其他题名 | Mental health status and psychological needs in retired cadres |
张腾霄1; 王一牛1; 陈天勇1; 韩布新1 | |
通讯作者邮箱 | [email protected] |
心理所单位排序 | 1 |
摘要 | 目的:了解离退休老干部的心理健康和心理需求特点及相关因素。方法:从北京市某区选取离退休老干部848名(离休234人,退休614人)。使用中国老年心理健康量表(城市版)(MHIE-UV)[根据总分将心理健康水平分为良好(>600分)、普通(400~600分)、危险(300~400分)、异常(<300分)]4个等级]和老年人心理需求问卷(PNIE)进行测量,并与全国常模得分进行比较。结果:离、退休老干部心理健康处于良好(22.6%,25.9%vs.15.9%)和普通(73.5%,69.5%vs.69.7%)水平的比例均高于常模,而处于危险(3.9%,4.4%vs.11.4%)和异常(0.0%,0.2%vs.3.0%)水平的比例均低于常模(均P<0.001);离、退休老干部MHIE-UV总分及情绪体验、人际交往、适应能力维度分均高于常模[如,总分(529.5±82.4),(537.7±80.8)vs.(500±100);P<0.01];离、退休老干部PNIE总分及交往需求、自我实现维度得分均高于全国常模[如,总分(3.63±0.59),(3.81±0.49)vs.(3.56±0.60),P; Objective: To investigate the mental health and psychological needs of the retired cadres and relat- ed factors. Methods: Totally 848 retired cadres (234 honorable and 614 normal retied cadres) in Beijing were re- cruited and assessed with the Mental Health Inventory for the Urban Elderly (MHIE-UV) [ categorized the mental health scores into four levels, namely, healthy ( 〉 600), normal (400 -600), unhealthy (300 -400), and abnormal ( 〈 300) ] and Psychological Needs Inventory for the Elderly (PNIE). Scores of the scale and subscales were com- pared between the retired cadres and nationwide norm. Results: Both the proportions of the "healthy" ( 22. 6%, 25.9% vs. 15.9% ) and "normal" (73.5%, 69. 5% vs. 69. 7% ) ones were higher in the retired cadres than in the norm (Ps 〈 0. 01 ). Meanwhile, the proportions of the "unhealthy" ( 3.9%, 4. 4% vs. 11.4% ) and "abnormal" (0.0%, 0. 2% vs. 3.0% ) ones were lower ( Ps 〈 0.01 ). The total score of MHIE-UV and the scores of subscales (emotion experience, relation communication, and adaption) in honorable-retired and normal-retired group were higher than the average nationwide level [ e. g., total score, (529. 5 ± 82. 4), (537. 7 ± 80. 8) vs. (500 _+ 100); P 〈 0. 01 ]. The total scores of PNIE and the scores of subscales (communication and self actualization) in honorable-re- fired and normal-retired cadres were higher than the nationwide score [ e. g., total score, (3.63 ± 0. 59), (3.81 ±0. 49) vs. (3.56 _+0. 60);P〈0. 01]. The retired cadres who were female (fl =0. 17), high educated (β =0. 09), senior official (β = -0. 09) or leader (β = 0. 12) before retirement, studying in elderly universities (β = -0.07), and without experience of being cheated (β = - 0. 16) or severe calamity (β = - 0.09) had higher mental health scores. Conelusion: It suggests that the mental health status and psychological needs in the retired cadres may be better than general older adults. Specifically, the senior psychological need ( self actualization) is intense. Some de- mographic variables and life events may be predictors of the mental health level of the retired cadres. |
关键词 | 离退休干部 心理健康 心理需求 横断面研究 |
学科领域 | 老年心理学 |
2013 | |
语种 | 中文 |
发表期刊 | 中国心理卫生杂志 |
ISSN | 1000-6729 |
卷号 | 27期号:10页码:739-743 |
期刊论文类型 | 期刊论文 |
URL | 查看原文 |
收录类别 | CSCD |
CSCD记录号 | CSCD:4964353 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/14727 |
专题 | 中国科学院心理健康重点实验室 |
通讯作者 | 韩布新 |
作者单位 | 1.中国科学院心理研究所心理健康院重点实验室老年心理研究中心 2.北京市西城区老干部局 |
第一作者单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
通讯作者单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张腾霄,王一牛,陈天勇,等. 离退休老干部心理健康和心理需求的调查[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(10):739-743. |
APA | 张腾霄,王一牛,陈天勇,&韩布新.(2013).离退休老干部心理健康和心理需求的调查.中国心理卫生杂志,27(10),739-743. |
MLA | 张腾霄,et al."离退休老干部心理健康和心理需求的调查".中国心理卫生杂志 27.10(2013):739-743. |
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