中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

情绪在人们的日常生活中具有重要作用,其中在学习和记忆中的作用尤为关键,它影响着个体和族群的生存状态以及适应环境的能力.研究者已经对动物和人类被试进行了长期的研究,然而最核心的问题是,情绪如何影响记忆,特别是在人脑中情绪信息加工的脑区和记忆的神经环路之间的交互作用机制尚不明确.本文简要综述了脑成像和神经心理学的研究,梳理和评述了有关记忆和情绪的神经机制以及情绪影响记忆的神经机制研究.基于现有研究证据,我们提出以下假设并预期今后的研究能够检验这个理论框架:情绪的两个维度——唤醒和效价可以影响记忆信息在杏仁核-海马回路中的加工,这种影响是分别通过额-顶叶注意控制网络和以纹状体-前额叶为核心的奖惩系统起作用的.

Emotion serves an important role in people’s daily life, especially essential for cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Normal functioning of emotion affects the survival of individuals and species as well as their adaptation to the environment. Researchers have accumulated lots of evidences in research of emotion in animals and humans over years. Nonetheless, the critical questions about how emotion modulates memory and how the neural circuits serving emotion and memory interact remain to be clarified. This review summarized research from brain imaging and neuropsychology, in order to elucidate neural mechanisms of memory and emotion processing as well as emotional modulation on memory. Based on existing evidences, we postulated a theoretical framework to be further examined in future research in this direction. We hypothesized that emotional arousal and valence influence memory processing in the amygdala-hippocampus circuit via distinct pathways： emotional arousal modulates memory by activating the fronto-parietal attentional network, whereas emotional valence modulates memory through the interaction with fronto-striatal reward/punishment systems.