欺骗的认知神经机制

PSYCH OpenIR > 健康与遗传心理学研究室

	欺骗的认知神经机制
其他题名	Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Deception
	孙世月
	2010-05
摘要	欺骗是一种普遍存在的社会现象。认知心理学将欺骗定义为故意误导他人的行为，是一种包含多重加工过程的复杂社会认知活动。欺骗过程包含了与欺骗意图有关的决定和欺骗反应的执行两类加工。目前，大部分研究关注于欺骗中的执行加工，尤其是对真实反应的抑制，脑成像结果也证实很多"执行脑区"，如前额叶、扣带前回等参与了欺骗加工。本研究模拟现实生活中为获取利益而冒险说谎的情境，以金钱奖励为刺激，诱导被试的自发欺骗行为，即告知被试诚实反应将会获得小额报酬，而欺骗可能获得较多报酬但也面临被罚款更多的风险，然后由被试自行决定是否欺骗。采用延迟反应范式，结合事件相关脑电位(Event-related potential，ERP)和功能磁共振成像(Functional magnetic resonance imaging，fMRI)技术，探讨欺骗加工的时间进程及其认知神经机制。对ERP信号的空间一时间维度的主成分因素分析(principal component analysis， PCA)以及偶极子溯源分析发现，相比诚实条件，欺骗条件在诱因刺激呈现后800-1000 ms的左半球外侧额叶和命令信号出现前500 ms之后的额一中央一顶叶区域以及右半球外侧额叶，均诱发出更负的慢波。fMRI结果发现，欺骗与诚实之间信号变化率的差异，在准备阶段主要表现在左侧额上回，而反应阶段的欺骗效应则影响了扣带前回。此外，欺骗准备还与扣带后回的激活有关，而欺骗反应激活了中央前回、脑岛、尾状核等区域。ERP和fMRI的研究结果共同提示了欺骗加工神经机制的时间空间动态模式，即欺骗加工，包括决策和执行加工两个相继进行的加工过程，且对应着脑激活模式由左侧额上回向中央和右侧额叶及皮层下区域发展的模式。
其他摘要	Deception is a commonly observed phenomenon of social interaction, which is defined as a deliberate attempt to mislead others. There are two categories of cognitive processes related to deception: those related to intent to deceive others followed by those related to executing deceptive responses. The cognitive and neural mechanisms leading to deception were studied using event-related brain potential (ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques. In a simulated deception situation with monetary temptation, participants made a decision to lie or be truthful in each trial, and held their response until a delayed imperative signal was presented. Telling the truth would award them a small reward, whereas lying may have lead to a larger potential gain if they escaped from being caught, but carried the risk of a double penalty if being detected. Spatiotemporal principal component analysis (PCA) and source analysis revealed that brain activities in the left lateral frontal area approximately 800-1000 ms post-stimulus presented and over the centro-frontoparietal and right frontal areas after 1300 ms were significantly more negative in the deceptive condition than in the truthful condition. Imaging results and ROI analysis revealed significant deception effect in the left superior frontal gyrus and posterior cingulate cortex during deception preparing stage and significant deception effect in the anterior cingulate cortex as well as in the precentral gyrus, caudate and insula during the executing stage. These results suggest a spatiotemporal dynamic neural pattern of the deception processing. There might be two cognitive processes, namely, decision-making and executive processes, are related to deliberate deception and might be associated with brain activities developed from the left superior frontal cortex to the right inferior frontal and cingulate cortexes.
学科领域	认知神经科学
关键词	欺骗关联性负变化事件相关电位功能磁共振成像
学位类型	博士
语种	中文
学位专业	心理学
学位授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点	北京
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/20351
专题	健康与遗传心理学研究室
作者单位	中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孙世月. 欺骗的认知神经机制[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2010.

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
欺骗的认知神经机制.pdf（1989KB）	学位论文		限制开放	CC BY-NC-SA	请求全文