社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

本研究选取交通警察为目标分析职务，以一线交通警察作为任职者被试、人力资源专业的学生为职务分析员被试，通过两个2X2X2实验设计，探讨社会称许性、极端性转移、启发式、类化对职务信息完整性的影响。本研究将职务信息完整性定义为至少两名信息提供者信息交集的并集，并在职务分析专家的职务分析结果基础上将被试的职务信息完整性划分为击中完整性和虚报完整性。多因素方差分析的结果表明:
1.在仅凭经验进行判断时，高称许性指导语使得任职者部分职务分析信息不完整，同时可能使得任职者报告更多虚假职务信息;
2.任职者小组讨论(极端性转移)对不同职务分析内容有不同影响，可能使得职务分析信息更完整，也可能使得职务分析信息更不完整;在仅凭经验判断或者高称许性指导语条件条件下，任职者小组讨论可降低职务信息虚报率;
3.低称许性指导语条件下，阅读职务说明书判断使得任职者的部分职务信息比仅凭经验判断时更不完整，即启发式策略使得任职者部分职务分析信息不完整;
4.在仅凭经验判断时，任职者的职务分析信息比职务分析员更完整，同时职务分析员比任职者报告更多虚假职务信息;在阅读职务说明书进行判断时，职务分析员的职务信息比任职者更完整。

The study intended to test the effects of social desirability, extremity shifts, Heuristics, and categorization on the job information completeness. The job information completeness is cooperatively defined as the of all job information cross sets by any two providers. Based on the result rated by subject matter experts, the job information completeness rated by participants was divided into hit and false alarm. Traffic policeman position was chosen as the target job Participants were traffic policemen and undergraduate or graduate students who majored in human resource management. Policemen acted as job incumbents, and students acted as job analysts. Experimental design consisted of two 2 x 2 x 2 experiments, one containing the variables of social desirability, extremity shifts, Heuristics and the other containing the variables of social desirability, extremity shifts and categorization. MANOVA results indicated that when making judgment based on experience, the information rated by job incumbents was complete, and more false alarm was made under the condition of high social desirability; b) the job information of job incumbents was likely more complete or more incomplete under the condition of extreme shifts, while less false alarm was made by job incumbents under the condition of high social desirability or experiential judgment. c) under the condition of low social desirability, the job information judged by job incumbents basing on the job description was more incomplete than that judged basing on experience. That is, the information of job incumbents was more incomplete when using Heuristics. d) Under the condition of experiential judgment, job incumbents reported more complete information and made less false alarm than job analysts; when judging basing on job description, job analysts reported more complete information than job incumbents.