健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

目的 建立我国嗅觉识别测验材料与方法,测查帕金森病患者的嗅觉功能,验证测验的有效性,分析其影响因素。方法 选取诊断明确的原发性非痴呆帕金森病患者55例以及与其人口学资料相匹配的健康对照55名作为研究对象,采用中国科学院心理研究所研发的基于中国人群的嗅觉识别测验方法,进行嗅觉识别测验。结果 帕金森病组嗅觉识别测验的正确选择数(19.3±5.4)显著少于健康对照组(26.5±5.7),差异有统计学意义(t=-6.827,P〈0.01);依据不同年龄段的参考值进行分段比较,发现63.6%的帕金森病患者存在显著嗅觉减退,Hoehn-Yahr分级2~3级显著嗅觉减退的发生率为77.8%;通过帕金森病组与健康对照组受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,嗅觉识别测验正确识别数取界值为22.5时,诊断嗅觉减退的敏感度为74.6%,特异度为70.9%;帕金森病患者嗅觉识别测验正确数不受年龄、教育年限、Hoehn-Yahr分级、病程、统一帕金森病评定量表的第三部分得分、MMSE评分的影响(均P〉0.05)。结论 帕金森病患者存在嗅觉识别能力的减退,中国人群的嗅觉识别测验能够有效地测查帕金森病患者的嗅觉功能。

Objective To evaluate the olfactory functions in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with a smell identification test developed for the Chinese population and to examine possible factors contributing to PD patients' olfactory performance. Methods Fifty-five patients with idiopathic and non- dementia PD and 55 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited and their olfactory identification tested using the Chinese Smell Identification Test developed by the Institute of Psychology at Chinese Academy of Sciences. Results Olfactory identification score was significantly lower (t = - 6. 827, P〈0.01) in the PD group (19.3 ±5.4) as compared with the HC group (26.5 ±5.7). Of all PD patients, 63.6% scored over 1 SD below the age norm. In particular, of those with Hoehn-Yahr ratings between 2 to 3, 77.8% scored over 1 SD below the age norm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that a cut-off score of 22. 5 on the Chinese Smell Identification Test distinguished between PD patients and HC with a sensitivity of 74. 6% and specificity of 70. 9%. Within the PD group, age, education, Hoehn-Yahr rating and Mini-Mental State Examination score were not found to correlate with olfactory performance ( all P 〉 0. 05 ). Conclusion PD patients in China show significant impairment of olfactory identification, which is effectively captured by the Chinese Smell Identification Test.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(91232717,81171273,31300925)