中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的 探讨甲基苯丙胺成瘾者人格特质及其与心理渴求之间的关系,为预防复吸提出理论依据和实证经验。方法 2017年8月以广西省某强制隔离戒毒所315例甲基苯丙胺成瘾者为研究对象,采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷和药物渴求问卷,了解甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的人格特质因子、脱毒期对毒品的心理渴求程度,采用Spearman相关分析探讨人格特质与自我报告的心理渴求之间的关系。结果 甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的聪慧性、稳定性、有恒性、独立性和自律性因素低于常模(犘<0.01),而恃强性、有恒性、敢为性、敏感性、怀疑性、幻想性、忧虑性和紧张性因素高于常模(犘<0.01)。甲基苯丙胺成瘾者心理渴求五个因子总平均分为(3.36±1.85)分。人格特质中聪慧性(狉=-0.201,犘<0.01)、稳定性(狉=-0.275,犘<0.01)、有恒性(狉=-0.184,犘<0.05)、恃强性(狉=0.269,犘<0.01)、敢为性(狉=0.210,犘<0.01)、忧虑性(狉=0.259,犘<0.01)和独立性(狉=-0.254,犘<0.01)与心理渴求五因子间存在显著相关。多元逐步回归分析结果稳定性(β=-3.987,犘<0.01)和恃强性(β=3.381,犘<0.01)进入回归方程。结论甲基苯丙胺成瘾者具有与常人显著不同的人格特质,生理戒断期间对毒品仍存在一定程度的心理渴求,人格特质中稳定性对心理渴求程度有着负向预测作用,恃强性对心理渴求程度有着正向预测作用。

Objective To explore the personality characteristics of methamphetamine addicts and their rclationship with psychological craving, and to provide theoretical basis and empirical experience for the prevention of relapse.Methods 315 cases of methamphetamine addicts as the research object, through the measurement of Cattcll 16 personality factor questionnaire and drug craving questionnaire, to understand the personality factor of mcthamphctaminc addicts，psychological craving for drugs in the period of detoxification. Moreover, spcarman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between personality traits and self-report psychological craving. Results Methamphetamine addicts intelligence，stability, perseverance，independence and self-discipline of the factors was significantly lower than the norm (PGO. 0l)，and the strength，pcrscvcrance, courage, sensitivity, suspicion, fantasy, anxiety and tension factors was significantly higher than the norm (PGO. 0l).There were five factors in the craving for methamphetamine addicts，with a total average of 3. 36士1. 8}8. There is a significant correlation between the personality of intelligence Cr=-O. 201，PGO. 0l)，stability (r=-0. 275，PGO. 0l)，constant