健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

本文主要由以眼动追踪为基础模型的三部分工作组成，一是结合胞外神经电生理、心理物理和脑成像技术，利用选择概率为指标，定量考察称猴VIP脑区神经元发放与自身运动方向选择之间的共变性，并且分析平滑眼动追踪与选择概率之间的交互关系，以探索眼动状态在自身运动方向判别认知中的特殊意义;二是考察人类被试视运动感知对间隔时间感知的影响;三是探索视觉运动信息对疼痛感知的调节作用。

本文的主要结论是:

1.选择概率在VIP神经元中是普遍存在的，统计分析表明与神经元对自身运动的优选方 向是一致的。选择概率与眼动追踪状态有关，VIP脑区神经元可能特异性地参与了有眼动追踪情况下的自身运动方向判别。

2。不同视觉运动的速度线索影响时间感知的正确性，低速时时间压缩，高速时呈现时间 膨胀效应。视觉运动遮蔽后的时间测试窗口长短决定了时间感知是压缩或是膨胀，短时程测试倾向于时间膨胀，易受其他视觉运动信息的干扰，且冲动性越高，越倾向于时间压缩。长时程测试倾向于时间压缩，时间估计的正确性与问卷填写时间长短、注意力分散程度有统计学上的一致性，且不易受其他视觉运动线索干扰，表明视运动对短时和长时的时间感知存在不同的影响机制。

3.观察伤害性激光刺激刺激自己手背可显著降低疼痛感知水平，疼痛相关的视觉线索对疼痛认知情绪成分改变的影响呈正态化分布。第一次较全面的描述了疼痛心理成分随视觉预示水平变化的规律，为临床上通过视觉途径治疗疼痛疾患特别是相关的情绪认知障碍提供了新的理论根据和指导。

On basis of the eye-movement model, the current postdoctoral studies consist of three projects:

1 .ale first try to find out whether the heading information carried by VIP neuron be actually used by the monkey to form perceptual decision, by combining extracellular recording technique, psychophysical experimental design and behavioral task. Choice probability was used here to quantify such relationship, which represents the covariation between fluctuation of VIP neuron and monkeys' judgment in heading direction. We further investigated the interaction between pursuit eye movement and choice probability to explore whether VIP neurons particularly involved in heading judgments while eye movement exists. 2. Psychophysical measurements were used to investigate the effects of visual-motion perception on interval timing, in which a novel ongoing timing measurement was applied to assess the accuracy of time perception by covering a moving target or not. We further try to provide evidences to support the hypothesis that two differential neural processes involve in short- and long-term interval timing. 3. In addition, we intent to investigate the cross-modal modulation of pain by vision of noxious event and own body in an independent project. We got some significant findings as following:

Significant choice probabilities were common in `VIP neurons. Moreover, choice probabilities were significantly higher when the monkey was compensating for ongoing pursuit eye movement, indicating that VIP activity is directly involved in heading judgments, which dependent upon pursuit.

Timing accuracy was affected by the prior velocity of a moving target, in which either compression in lower velocity or dilatation in higher velocity was produced in motion covering. Moreover, the durations of covered phase also determined the temporal compression and dilatation in long-term and short-term interval timing respectively. Only the short-term rather than long-term timing accuracy was disturbed by the visual distractions in background, which may correspond to differential neural mechanisms.

Viewing a moderately noxious laser projecting onto own hand produce a significant reduction in pain ratings. Moreover, the trial-by-trial data reveal that the visual deceptions may bias pain perception by Gaussian rules, providing experimental evidence in support of the common advice to increase patient's belief in sham operation during visual feedback-based cognitive therapy of pain diseases.