社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

组织政治认知是指组织员工对工作环境中自利行为发生程度的主观评估，其中包含了个体对这种自利行为的归因。印象管理行为是指一个人试图影响他人对自己形成印象的行为，是组织政治行为的具体表现形式。本研究运用问卷一调查法收集数据，采用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、方差分析和结构方程模型等统计方法，探讨了组织政治认知的前因、结果变量，编制了印象管理测评工具。具体结论如下:

一、资源缺乏、信任氛围、集权化和正式化对员工组织政治认知有影响，而且这些因素对组织政治认知不同维度的影响又有所不同。

二、员工组织政治认知对其心理应激、工作满意度、离职意图和绩效水平有影响，而且组织政治认知的不同方面对这些结果变量的影响有所不同。

三、不同性别、不同年龄、不同职务、不同工龄、不同文化程度以及不同所有制、规模企业的员工组织政治认知存在显著差异。

四、我国企业员工印象管理行为有四个维度，即:顺从取一向、自树榜样、自我提升和退缩防御。

Perceptions of organizational politics involves an individual's attribution to behaviors of self-serving intent，and is defined as an individual’s subjective valuation about the extent to which the work environment is characterized by co-worker and supervisor who demonstrate such self-serving behaviors. The behavior of impression management is a process in which a person tries to affect others 'impression, which is the specific manifest form of organizational politics. Through the interview and the investigation with over 2500 workers，the perceptions of organization politics and impression management scale have been studied. such as exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, analysis of variance, and structural equation model were applied for the data analysis. The conclusion were drawn as following:

1 .Several factors influence perceptions of organizational politics, such as Scarcity of resources, Trust climate, Centralization, and Formalization. These factors have different effect on different dimension of perceptions of organizational politics.

2. This study found perceptions of organizational politics to have psychological and attitudinal consequences for employees in the form of job stress, job satisfaction, turnover intention and self-rating performance. Furthermore, different dimension of perceptions of organizational politics have effect on these consequences differently.

3. Significant differences of perceptions of organizational politics were found comparing the staff with different sex, different age, different hierarchical level different organizational tenure, different educational level and the staff from the enterprises with different ownership, different scales.

4. For employees in China, the behavior of impression management scale is comprised of four dimensions, the tropism of obedient, self promotion, exemplification and defense.