转移方式对基于劳动的物品所有权判断的影响

doi:10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20190208

	转移方式对基于劳动的物品所有权判断的影响
其他题名	The Effect of Transfer Types on Labor’s Role in OwnershipJudgments
	李占星 ; 喻丰 ; 倪晓莉 ; 朱莉琪
第一作者	李占星
通讯作者邮箱	[email protected]
心理所单位排序	2
摘要	劳动在人们的所有权判断中起着重要作用。以往研究虽然考察了幼儿和成人基于劳动的物品所有权判断,但却忽视了原材料转移方式的作用。本研究以中国3～5岁的幼儿和成人为对象,考察了他们在"拿"和"借"两种转移方式下基于劳动的物品所有权判断。结果发现,3岁幼儿在两种转移方式下的所有权判断不存在显著差异。4～5岁的幼儿及成人在两种转移方式下的所有权判断存在显著差异。相比于"借"条件,他们在"拿"条件下更倾向于判断劳动者是新加工物品的所有者。4～5岁幼儿在"拿"条件下更倾向认为劳动者是新加工物品的所有者,而成人在两种条件下都倾向于支持原材料占有者是新加工物品的所有者。结果提示,转移方式会影响个体基于劳动的物品所有权判断,并且从4岁开始幼儿能够区分不同转移方式的作用。
其他摘要	Labor plays an important role in guiding people’s ownership judgments.In daily life,labor often affects human’s ownership judgments along with some other principles,such as first possession.Previous studies have investigated how young children and adults judged ownership when there were conflicting cues between labor and first possession(Hook,1993;Kanngiesser,Gjersoe,&Hood,2010;Kanngiesser&Hood,2014 b).Some research found that preschool children were more likely to assign ownership to the laborer than adults(Kanngiesser et al.,2010),while adults were inclined to give priority to the first possessor(Hook,1993).However,these studies neglected the possible effect of transfer types on labor’s role in ownership judgments.In addition,most of the previous studies focused on Western samples,but rare study investigated Chinese children and adults’ownership judgments based on labor’s role.This study selected Chinese children aged 3 to 5 and adults as subjects.We examined their ownership judgments when some objects were transferred in the taking or borrowing ways and modified by a second person.The results showed that there were a significant main effect of transfer type,F(1,116)=19.54,p=.000,ηp2=0.14,and a significant main effect of age,F(3,116)=11.07,p=.000,ηp2=.22.Moreover,the interaction between transfer type and age was significant.F(3,116)=3.05,p=.031,ηp2=.07.There were no significant differences in the ownership judgments for 3-year-olds between the two transfer conditions.3-year-olds supported neither the original possessor nor the laborer as the owner of newly created objects.In contrast,4-to 5-year-olds and adults were less inclined to judge the laborer as the owner of newly created objects in the borrowing condition compared to the taking condition.Children aged 4 to 5 tended to think that the laborer was the owner of newly created objects in the taking condition,while adults tended to support the original possessor in both transfer conditions.This research indicates that transfer types could affect human’s ownership judgments based on labor’s role,and children from 4 years old have been aware of this.Unlike adults who consistently support the first possessor as owner in both transfer conditions,preschoolers never select the first possessor as owner even in the borrowing condition.This suggests that young children’s representation of ownership cues may be different from that of adults.It is easier for young children to focus on the changes of objects’appearances(which is correlated with the cue of labor)than the time sequence(which is correlated with the cue of first possession).We do not find any 3-year-olds who support any party in both transfer conditions.This is to some extent consistent with previous cross-cultural studies(Kanngiesser,Itakura,&Hood,2014;Kanngiesser et al.,2015).The results are discussed with different patterns of early education between Eastern and Western cultures.
关键词	所有权判断劳动原则先占原则转移方式
	2019-03-20
语种	中文
DOI	10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20190208
发表期刊	心理科学
ISSN	1671-6981
卷号	42 期号:02 页码:307-312
期刊论文类型	期刊论文
项目简介	国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDB161);; 中国博士后基金(2018M633484)的资助
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/29644
专题	中国科学院行为科学重点实验室
作者单位	1.西安交通大学人文社会科学学院社会心理学研究所 2.中国科学院行为科学重点实验室中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李占星,喻丰,倪晓莉,等. 转移方式对基于劳动的物品所有权判断的影响[J]. 心理科学,2019,42(02):307-312.
APA	李占星,喻丰,倪晓莉,&朱莉琪.(2019).转移方式对基于劳动的物品所有权判断的影响.心理科学,42(02),307-312.
MLA	李占星,et al."转移方式对基于劳动的物品所有权判断的影响".心理科学 42.02(2019):307-312.

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