中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

认知控制是人类主动调控行为的高级认知功能,在冲突加工、工作记忆、决策等心理过程中都具有重要作用。然而,不同冲突的加工过程中是否具有相同的认知控制机制仍有很多争论。已有的认知控制理论往往认为认知控制是一般性的,但这种观点受到了近年来实证研究的挑战。研究一般性/特异性问题采用的逻辑主要包括可迁移性、平行比较、相关性以及认知资源竞争等。目前的一些研究证据分别支持了一般性、特异性以及二者兼有的观点。针对这种争论,未来的研究可以从以下视角展开,比如毕生发展变化、动态的脑网络、综合不同的研究逻辑、脑损伤的因果关系、计算神经建模、认知灵活性和功能连接等。

As a high-level cognitive function of actively regulating human behaviors, cognitive control plays essential roles in conflict processing, working memory, decision making and so on. However, it is still under debate whether a universal cognitive control mechanism underlies the processing of various conflicts. Many existing theories tend to hold that cognitive control is domain-general;however, this view has been challenged by recent empirical studies. The logics of studying generality/specificity mainly include transferability, parallel comparison, correlation and resources competition, etc. Current empirical findings support that cognitive control is domain-general, domain-specific or both, respectively. To tackle this controversy, future studies about cognitive control can be performed from the perspectives of life-span development, the dynamic brain network, combination of multiple logics, causal relationship from brain injury, computational modeling, cognitive flexibility and functional connectivity.

supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61621136008);; the German Research Foundation (No. TRR-169)