With the help of EEG, this project investigated how and when accentuation influences spoken discourse comprehension and the neural basis underlying it. It was found that: first, the correspondence between accentuation and information state plays an important role in spoken discourse comprehension; the information state of the discourse reference depends not only on the discourse context but also on the semantic information stored in the long-term memory; the role of accentuation in spoken discourse comprehension changes dynamically with the information state of the discourse reference; accentuation not only can facilitate the identification of the information state but also can guide listeners to make greater effort to process the identified new information. Second, accentuation can influence spoken discourse comprehension immediately; the semantic integration biased by accentuation and the syntactic parsing guided by prosodic boundary can immediately integrate with each other during spoken language comprehension; the correspondence between accentuation and information state can influence spoken language comprehension immediately even in the absence of focused attention. Third, there is right hemisphere dominance for the processing of prosodic information. Those results further our understanding of the role of p
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