健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

目的探究帕金森病患者肠道菌群的状况。方法选择2015年来北京医院就诊的帕金森病患者24例作为帕金森病组，同时选择14名年龄、性别匹配的健康居民作为健康对照组。采集受试者一般临床资料，采用帕金森病相关量表对所有受试者进行评估，采集粪便后提取DNA并进行细菌16S rRNA高通量测序，对两组之间菌群状况进行分析。结果在门水平上，放线菌门在帕金森病组相对丰度明显高于健康对照组分别为0.76%（0.13%，1.85%）、0.14%（0.07%，0.30%），Z＝2.784，P〈0.01，而在拟杆菌门中帕金森病组的菌群相对丰度却显著降低分别为57.28%（48.75%，64.95%）、63.78%（56.72%，68.21%），Z＝－4.963，P〈0.01。在纲水平上，芽孢杆菌纲分别为0.52%（0.11%，2.10%）、0.13%（0.05%，0.16%），Z＝2.693，P〈0.01、革兰阴性菌纲分别为5.04%（2.93%，14.02%）、2.87%（1.46%，4.43%），Z＝2.360，P＝0.018、放线菌纲分别为0.60%（0.10%，1.59%）、0.12%（0.04%，0.20%），Z＝2.512，P＝0.011、γ－变形菌纲分别为1.72%（0.58%，5.46%）、0.43%（0.24%，2.19%），Z＝2.179，P＝0.029在帕金森病组的相对丰度明显高于健康对照组。在科水平上，韦荣球菌科分别为3.78%（0.53%，13.82%）、0.49%（0.08%，3.14%），Z＝2.754，P〈0.01、链球菌科分别为0.33%（0.09%，0.69%）、0.19%（0.14%，0.24%），Z＝1.770，P＝0.004、肠杆菌科分别为1.04%（0.40%，4.95%）、0.20%（0.10%，0.45%），Z＝2.784，P〈0.01、乳杆菌科分别为0.079%（0.014%, 0.575%）、0.003%（0.002%，0.028%），Z＝3.119，P〈0.01、双歧杆菌科分别为0.60%（0.09%，1.57%）、0.11%（0.03%，0.19%），Z＝2.481，P＝0.012在帕金森病组的相对丰度均有明显增高；而巴斯德杆菌科分别为0.009%（0.002%, 0.047%）、0.110%（0.022%，0.898%），Z＝－2.545，P＝0.010在帕金森病组中相对丰度却明显低于健康对照组。结论帕金森病组和健康对照组中菌群结构在门、纲、科水平上均有明显的差异。这些变化可能与帕金森病的发生发展有关。

ObjectiveTo investigate the structural changes of gut microbiota in patients with Parkinson＇s disease （PD）.MethodsTwenty-four PD patients and 14 healthy controls from Beijing Hospital in 2015 were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The general clinical information was collected and all subjects were assessed with Parkinson＇s disease related scales. The gut microbiota status between two groups was analyzed after extracting feces′ DNA and carrying out high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA.ResultsAt the phylum level, actinobacteria （0.76% （0.13%, 1.85%） vs 0.14% （0.07%, 0.30%）, Z=2.784, P〈0.01） were significantly increased and bacteroidetes （57.28% （48.75%, 64.95%） vs 63.78% （56.72%, 68.21%）, Z=-4.963, P〈0.01） were significantly decreased in PD patients compared to healthy controls. At the class level, bacilli （0.52% （0.11%, 2.10%） vs 0.13% （0.05%, 0.16%）, Z=2.693, P〈0.01）, negativicutes （5.04% （2.93%, 14.02%） vs 2.87% （1.46%, 4.43%）, Z=2.360, P=0.018）, actinobacteria （0.60% （0.10%, 1.59%） vs 0.12% （0.04%, 0.20%）, Z=2.512, P=0.011）, ammaproteobacteria （1.72% （0.58%, 5.46%） vs 0.43% （0.24%, 2.19%）, Z=2.179, P=0.029） were significantly increased in PD patients compared to healthy controls. At the family level, veillonellaceae （3.78% （0.53%, 13.82%） vs 0.49% （0.08%, 3.14%）, Z=2.754, P〈0.01）, streptococcaceae （0.33% （0.09%, 0.69%） vs 0.19% （0.14%, 0.24%）, Z=1.770, P=0.004）, enterobacteriaceae （1.04% （0.40%, 4.95%） vs 0.20% （0.10%, 0.45%）, Z=2.784, P〈0.01）, lactobacillaceae （0.079% （0.014%, 0.575%） vs 0.003% （0.002%, 0.028%）, Z=3.119, P〈0.01）, bifidobacteriaceae （0.60% （0.09%, 1.57%） vs 0.11% （0.03%, 0.19%）, Z=2.481, P=0.012） were significantly increased and pasteurellaceae （0.009% （0.002%, 0.047%） vs 0.110% （0.022%, 0.898%）, Z=-2.545, P=0.010） were significantly decreased in PD patients compared to healthy controls.ConclusionsThe structures of gut microbiota in PD patients and healthy controls were significantly different at the levels of phylum, class, and family. All these changes are potentially associated with the development of PD pathology.