中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的:探讨现实一理想差异与动机、行为的关系.方法:用问卷法调查173名大学生, 采用相关分析和单因素方差分析的方法.结果:(1)现实一理想差异与接近动机存在非常显著的负相关(p<0.001)、与回避动机、成绩目标显著正相关(p<0. 001, P<0.05)、与掌握目标无显著相关;(2)现实一理想差异与学业活力、生活活力存在非常显著的负相关(p<0.001);(3)现实一理想差异在成就动机、成绩目标上有消极效应, 对掌握目标无显著影响, 在活力上有消极效应.结论:现实一理想差异在动机、行为上基本上是消极效应, 没有积极效应

To investigate the relationship of actual-ideal discrepancy with motivation and behavior, we adopted questionnaires in a sample consisting of 173 undergraduates from a middle-ranking university and analyzed the data using correlation analysis and variances analysis. Our results are as follow:(1)Actual-ideal discrepancy significantly correlate with approach motivation negatively(p＜0. 001)，significantly correlate with avoidance motivation and Performance goals positively(P<0. 001，P<0. 05)，but did not significantly correlateted with mastering goals. ( 2 ) Actual-ideal significantly correlateted with academic vitality and life vitality negatively(p<0. 001).(3)Actual-ideal discrepancy played a negative role no positive role in achievement motivation performance goals and vitality, but had no significant influence on mastering goals. To conclude, basically, actual-ideal plays a negative role in motivation and behavior.