认知与发展心理学研究室知识库

探讨北京市义务教育全年龄段学生有氧耐力发展趋势,同时建立相应评价标准。方法:以北京市4 658名儿童与青少年为研究对象,以15 m渐进性有氧耐力跑为测试项目,采集其5次有氧耐力成绩,运用"LMS chartmaker"软件构建以15 m PACER为测试项目的北京市义务教育全年龄段学生有氧耐力百分位数曲线和评价常模。结果:运用LMS法拟合的北京市6～15岁学生有氧耐力发展曲线趋势均呈稳步上升-趋于平缓-再上升,男生曲线波动滞后女生1岁,且始终位于女生曲线上方,2条曲线呈"收腰喇叭状"形态;女生相较于男生,群体内部有氧耐力水平分化更为明显。基于上述研究,划定了6～15岁学生15 m PACER成绩的四级评价标准。结论:构建了北京市6～15岁儿童与青少年有氧耐力发展曲线,划定了区分性别和年龄的15 m PACER评价标准,对义务教育阶段儿童与青少年的体质健康和体能的筛查、分析及监测具有实用价值。

To explore the development trend of aerobic endurance of all ages students in compulsory education in Beijing and establish corresponding evaluation criteria. Methods: 4 658 children and adolescents in Beijing were selected as subjects, and their aerobic endurance scores of 5 times were collected with 15-meters progressive aerobic cardiorascuiar endurance running as the test items. Then we used LMS chartmaker software to construct the percentile curve and evaluation norm of aerobic endurance of the students (verified separately from boys and girls) in Beijing compulsory education with 15m PACER as the test item. Results: the aerobic endurance development curve of 6 to 15-year-old boys and girls by LMS method were both increased steadily, then tended to smooth, then increased again, the boys’curve was always above girls’curve, and the fluctuation lagged 1 year behind, these two curves were both in the shape of“waist trumpet”. The differentiation of aerobic endurance level in girls is more obvious than that in boys. Based on the fore-mentioned curve, the four-level evaluation criteria of 15m PACER for 6 to 15-year-old boys and girls were delineated. Conclusions: we provide the comprehensive and up-to-date set of sex-specific and age-specific 15m PACER norms and the development curve for 6 to 15-year-old children and youth in Beijing, which have utility for health and fitness screening, profiling, monitoring and surveillance.

教育部人文社科基金项目(16YJC890012);; 北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心自主课题资助