中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的:探查5-9岁儿童对疾病病因的认知及干预对病因认知的影响。方法:选用儿童常见疾病,设计故事情景来考察儿童对疾病病因的认知,并且通过适当的干预,探测干预对儿童病因认知的影响。结果:5岁和7岁儿童主要用行为原因解释疾病,9岁儿童主要用生物学原因解释疾病,少部分5岁儿童用心理原因解释疾病;学前儿童并非用"传染"解释所有疾病;年龄越大的儿童越能认识到疾病发生的多因性;干预后的5岁学前儿童对病因认知水平显著提高。结论:5,7,9岁三组之间对常见病的病因和病因类别数目的认知差异显著;5岁儿童对传染性疾病和非传染性疾病的病因解释差异显著;核心领域知识促进儿童的疾病认知。

Objective：The study investigated 5-9-year-old children’s understanding of the causes of familiar diseases and the effect of intervention. Methods: Using different scenarios to interview subjects and then small group intervention. Results：children of 5 and 7 years old mainly used behavioral reasons to explain the causes of diseases; 9-year-old children mostly employed biological reasons;；not all the preschool children use contagion to explain all diseases; older children increasingly realized the multiplicity of illness causes; there was an intervention effect. Conclusion: there was significant difference among the explanations of different age groups. 5 years old children’s explanations of the causes of contagious and non-contagious diseases were different; Specific knowledge could improve preschoolers’ understanding of causes of illness and their probabilities.

国家自然科学基金(30570615)资助

Objective: The study investigated 5-9-year-old children’s recognization of the causes of familiar diseases and the effect of intervention. Methods: Different scenarios and small group intervention were used to interview subjects. Results: Children of 5 to 7 -year -old mainly used behavioral reasons to explain the causes of diseases; 9 -year -old children mostly employed biological reasons;not all the preschool children used contagion to explain all diseases; older children increasingly realized the multiplicity of illness causes; there was an intervention effect. Conclusion: There was significant difference among the explanations of different age groups. 5-year-old children’s explanations of the causes of contagious and non-contagious diseases were different; Specific knowledge could improve preschoolers’ recognization of causes of illness and their probabilities.