中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

眼睛注视是一种独特的非言语社会线索，能够诱发对生存和进化至关重要的注意效应.近年来，研究者采用中央线索提示范式及其变式，关注了面孔社会信息尤其是表情对这一注意效应的调节.面孔表情的调节作用与具体的表情类型有关，同时会受到任务因素和个体因素的影响.这一调节作用会随个体发展而逐渐成熟，与负责对面孔表情和注视方向各自及整合加工的机制相关，涉及到杏仁核和颞上沟脑区.除了面孔表情，面孔其他社会信息（如熟悉性和可信任度、优势度和社会地位、群体属性）也可以调节注视提示效应.这一调节可能涉及额叶视区、额顶注意网络.对面孔表情及其他社会信息调制注视提示效应的行为学证据及其神经机制进行系统综述，能够深化当前对面孔加工和注视提示效应间关系的理解，为社会认知障碍的临床诊断和干预提供参考.

Eye gaze, as a type of unique nonverbal social cues, can trigger a reflexive attentional orienting effect that is crucial for human adaptive social behaviors. Adopting the central cueing paradigm and its variants, recent studies have been increasingly focused on the modulation of social information conveyed by faces, especially facial expressions, on this attentional effect. Specifically, the modulation effect of facial expressions varies with different types of emotions and is further influenced by task -relevant and individual factors. This modulation effect matures with development and is associated with both the separate and integral neural processing of facial expressions and gaze directions including the amygdala and the posterior superior temporal sulcus. Apart from facial expressions, other types of social information contained in faces (e.g., trustworthiness, familiarity, facial dominance, social status, and groups) could also modulate the gaze-triggered orienting, which potentially engages the frontal eye field and the frontoparietal attention network. A systematic review of the behavioral evidence of the modulation and its neural mechanisms has significant theoretical and clinical implications. On the one hand, it will deepen our understandings of the relationship between face processing and gaze-triggered orienting. On the other hand, it may also contribute to the diagnosis and intervention of social cognitive disorders.

国家自然科学基金（31525011，31671137和31830037）;; 中国科学院先导专项（XDB32010300）;; 中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目（QYZDB-SSW-SMC030）;; 北京市科委，深港脑科学创新研究院开放课题和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目