| 其他摘要 | Improving citizens' environmental awareness and promoting their environmental protection behaviors are of great importance to the improvement of the current severe environmental problems.This study, by means of questionnaire and statistical analysis, deeply studied the characteristics of environmental awareness of Chinese citizens, and the relationship between environmental awareness and environmental behavior, the relationship between its four dimensions and environmental behavior, as well as the relationship between the new ecological paradigm and environmental behavior, in order to provide effective suggestions and basis for the improvement of citizens' environmental awareness and environmental behavior.Objective: To clarify the characteristics of environmental awareness of citizens and their different groups, and the relationship between demographic variables and environmental awareness. This paper studied the predictive effect of environmental awareness and its four dimensions on environmental behavior, and maked a comparative study with the predictive effect of the new ecological paradigm on environmental behavior.Content: In this study, 618 subjects were surveyed by questionnaires, including self-constructed questionnaire (SCS), environmental awareness questionnaire, environmental behavior questionnaire and new ecological paradigm scale (NEP).Firstly, the characteristics of environmental awareness of Chinese citizens, the characteristics of environmental awareness of various groups, and the relationship between demographic variables and environmental awareness were studied.Secondly, it analyzed the degree of environmental awareness, environmental behavior and the new ecological paradigm through Pearson correlation, and further analyzed the extent to which environmental awareness and its four dimensions and the new ecological paradigm can predict environmental behavior, and maked a comparison.The effects of four dimensions of environmental awareness on the prediction of environmental behavior were clarified.Methods: Online questionnaire survey, comparative analysis, reliability analysis in statistics, pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance for single factor repeated measures, analysis of variance for multiple measures, stratified regression and other methods were used.Results: The results are as follows:Firstly，there are significant differences in the four dimensions of environmental awareness among Chinese citizens (p<0.001), environmental science knowledge is the worst, followed by environmental ideology awareness, environmental philosophy awareness, and environmental ethics awareness. In different population categories, environmental scientific knowledge is the worst dimension (or one) of environmental awareness, while environmental ethical awareness is the best dimension (or one).Secondly, among the demographic variables, age, gender, occupation, monthly income and resident area are not significant predictors of environmental awareness. Education and residence are significant predictors of environmental awareness, and the lower the environmental awareness is with the decrease of education level (β=0.158, p=0.005).Urban residents are more environmentally conscious than their rural counterparts (β=0.150, p=0.001).Demographic variables can explain 5.6% variance of environmental awareness. The self-constructed type does not significantly predict environmental awareness. Thirdly, stratified regression finds that environmental awareness positively predicts environmental behavior (β=0.580, p=0.001), demographic variables can explain 9.6% variance variation of environmental behavior, and the explanatory ability of variance variation of environmental behavior increases by 31.4% after adding environmental awareness variables.The new ecological paradigm can positively predict environmental behavior (β=0.224, p=0.001);After controlling the demographic variables and adding the new ecological paradigm, the explanatory ability of the model to variance variation of environmental behaviors increases by 4.9%, and the prediction of specific environmental behaviors by the new ecological paradigm is weaker than that of environmental awareness.Fourthly, the four dimensions of environmental awareness can predict environmental behavior. The order of its predictive effects is as follows: environmental ethics awareness> environmental science knowledge> environmental ideology awareness > environmental philosophy awareness.Conclusions:Firstly，there are significant differences in the four dimensions of environmental awareness among Chinese citizens, among which the environmental science knowledge is the worst, the environmental ideology awareness is the second, the environmental philosophy awareness is better, and the awareness of environme environmental ethics awareness is the strongest. In different population categories, environmental scientific knowledge is the worst dimension (or one) of environmental awareness, while environmental ethical awareness is the best dimension (or one).Secondly, the higher the education level is, the stronger the environmental awareness is. The environmental awareness of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents. However, age, gender, occupation, monthly income, permanent residence and self-constructed type does not significantly predict environmental awareness. Thirdly, environmental awareness and its four dimensions as well as the new ecological paradigm can positively predict environmental behavior.Environmental awareness can predict environmental behavior to a greater extent than the new ecological paradigm.Environmental awareness, its four dimensions and the new ecological paradigm can positively predict environmental behavior. Among the four dimensions of environmental awareness, the prediction effect of environmental ethics awareness is the largest, followed by environmental scientific knowledge, followed by environmental ideological awareness, and environmental philosophical awareness is the least.Key words: environmental psychology, environmental awareness, questionnaire method, environmental behavior, characteristic |
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