| 其他摘要 | Objective: To explore the relationship between psychological flexibility, mental health and psychological symptoms through a longitudinal study, with an analysis on the predictive role of psychological flexibility in college students' psychological health. Methods: By means of cluster sampling, 331 subjects were selected from those college students who self-reported psychological symptoms and had ≤ 22 questions not answered and ≤ 10 inconsistent answers in MMPI-399 scale when taking general psychological tests in a university. Then those subjects were tested with the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-Ⅱ), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ-F), Minnesota Multipurpose Personality Inventory (MMPI), Symptom Checklist - 90 (SCL-90), Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and they were tracked for one years under natural conditions. The psychological general test data obtained twice was taken to descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, T-test, multiple regression analysis, intermediate effect test and construction of generalized estimating equations. The results of the study are as follows:Firstly, the scores of college students' psychological symptoms were higher than the national norm. Different genders of college students showed differences in psychological symptoms and psychological flexibility (p<0.05). In terms of personality health, there were differences except Q (question), Si (social introversion), Hy (Hysteria) and Pd (psychopathic deviate) in MMPI-399 scale (p<0.05). Different grades of college students had significant differences in psychological flexibility (p<0.05). In terms of personality health, there was no significant difference in factors other than Pa (paranoia), Pt (psychasthenia), Sc (schizophrenia) and Ma (hypomania) (p<0.05), and="" no="" difference="" in="" psychological="" symptoms="" p="">0.05). The above differences were not significant among college students of different ages (P>0.05). After controlling for gender and grade factors, CFQ-F and AAQ-II were correlated with psychological symptoms (r = 0.218 - 0.619, p<0.001). The total score of psychological symptoms measured at one year later were taken as dependent variables to conduct hierarchical regression analysis, which showed that CFQ-F and AAQ-II had good predictive effects on psychological symptoms. Apart from Q(question),L (lie),K(defensiveness),Ma (hypomania) scale and MF (masculinity/femininity) scale, there was a significant partial correlation between personality health and psychological symptoms (r = -0.472 - 0.647, p<0.05). Through stepwise regression method, it turned out that factors such as K (defensiveness), Pt (psychasthenia), F (frequency), Hs (hypochondriasis), D (depression) and Sc (schizophrenia) in MMPI-399 scale had certain predictive effects on psychological symptoms. A regression analysis was made on the total score of scales related to psychological flexibility, psychological symptoms and personality health as well as SCL-90 at an interval of one year. After comparison, it was found that the psychological flexibility could provide better prediction.Secondly, after controlling for gender and grade factors, there was a partial correlation between psychological flexibility and personality health of college students with an exception on Q scale and MF scale (r = -0.458 - 0.592, p<0.001), and such correlation was more comprehensive compared to the psychological symptom scale. The mediating effect test found that cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance played some mediating role between psychological symptoms and personality health.Finally, it was found by constructing generalized estimating equations that, the difference in psychological flexibility during the first measurement would significantly affect the difference in the sores of psychological symptoms and personality health one year later. The correlation analysis of the difference measured in the one years showed that, except the Q scale and MF scale, the change of mental flexibility was significantly correlated with the change of personality health and mental symptoms (r = -0.316 - 0.441, p<0.05).The study leads to the following conclusions:As can be seen from the one years of longitudinal research, it is necessary to further strengthen psychological health education among college students. There is a significant correlation between psychological flexibility and psychological symptoms. Psychological flexibility can better predict the severity of psychological symptoms than relevant scales of psychological symptoms and personality health, and the improvement of psychological flexibility can effectively alleviate psychological symptoms.Psychological flexibility is significantly correlated with personality health, and such correlation is more comprehensive compared with the psychological symptom scale. Psychological flexibility has a good predictive effect on personality health. The higher the former, the higher the degree of the latter. Psychological flexibility plays a significant part in mediating between personality health and psychological symptoms, that is, the influence of personality factors on psychological symptoms is partly realized through cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance.Under natural conditions, the psychological flexibility of college students can be improved to a certain extent. Along with such improvement, psychological symptoms can be significantly relieved, which leads to a much higher degree of personality health. It has certain practical value for cultivating a kind of rational, peaceful, healthy and aspiring social mentality. |
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