| 其他摘要 | Affiliate stigma is a risk factor for caregivers' psychological distress, which not only causes the subjective burden of caregivers, but also affects patients' recovery, the well-being of the whole family and the stability of the whole society. The purpose of this study was to revise the Affiliate Stigma Scale and test its reliability and validity among parents of children with ASD in the context of Chinese culture. Then explore the role of affiliate stigma between autism-related behaviors of ASD children and parental emotional problems (parental distress, depression, anxiety and stress). And to test whether the mediating effect of affiliate stigma holds in both groups. (mothers & fathers). This study attempted to find a key variable to reduce the subjective burden of parents with ASD kids and reduce the incidence of psychological problems, and may take this variable as a target to provide a reference for clinical intervention.The whole study was divided into three individual studies.Study 1: A total of 1623 parents of children with ASD registered in the Chinese Platform for Assessment and Intervention for Special Children (ALSOLIFE) were tested by means of the affiliate stigma scale, life satisfaction scale, the second edition of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire.1,400 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 86%.After a 3-week interval, 199 parents were retested using the revised affiliate stigma scale.SPSS22.0 was used for item analysis, internal consistency, retest reliability, criterion correlation validity, and exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis and discriminant validity test were performed with AMOS 22.0. The total samples were randomly divided into half groups, one group (n=700) for exploratory factor analysis and the other group (n=700) for confirmatory factor analysis.Study 2: A total of 1249 mothers selected from Study 1 were used in Study 2. The revised chinese version of the Affiliate Stigma Scale, Parenting Distress Scale (From PSI-SF), DASS (Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale) and the Child’s Autism-related Behaviors Scale were used in Study 2. SPSS22.0 was used to conduct descriptive statistics and difference analysis on demographic variables. Then after controlling the corresponding influencing variables, the partial correlation analysis was conducted for the investigated variables. The mediating effect of affiliate stigma on autism-related behaviors in ASD children and maternal parental distress, depression, anxiety, and stress were tested using the non-parameter percentile Bootstrap method.Study 3: 151 fathers selected from study 1 were selected, and the questionnaire was administered the same as study 2. and the research method was the same as that in the study 2.The study found that, In study 1, The results EFA showed that four factors (eigenvalue>1) were extracted. the cumulative contribution rate of factors was 60.42%. The CFA results showed that data fits well (χ2/ df =4.40，GFI=0.92，NFI=0.89，CFI=0.92，TLI=0.89，IFI=0.92，RMSEA[90%CI]=0.07[0.063-0.076],SRMR=0.07), and supported the four-factor model. The Cronbach α coefficient of the revised ASS was 0.883, and the retest reliability was 0.755, which was significantly correlated with the Criterion scale （r=0.421-0.496, ps<0.001）.The Cronbach’s α coefficient for each sub-dimension respectively is 0.85、0.83、0.70、0.67 and retest reliability after three-week interval is 0.76、0.75、0.68、0.58. In Study 2: Autism related behaviors in ASD children were positively correlated with maternal emotional problems；positively correlated with affiliate stigma；There was a high positive correlation between maternal affiliate stigma and maternal emotional problems .The negative emotional cognition of affiliate stigma played a complete mediating role between ASD children's autism-related behaviors and their maternal emotional problems. After removing this dimension, social concerns & avoidance, alienation from stigmatized individuals and discriminated experience respectively played a mediating role in the relationship between autism-related behaviors of ASD children and maternal emotional problems. and all dimensions played complete mediating roles in maternal anxiety.In study 3, there was no significant correlation between ASD children's autism-related behaviors and paternal affiliate stigma、emotional problems, but there was a significant positive correlation between paternal affiliate stigma and paternal emotional problems. Affiliate stigma significantly predicted paternal emotional problems. Conclusion:First, The revised chinese version of the Affiliate Stigma Scale (ASS) has good reliability and validity and explores a four-factor model structure, which will provide an effective measurement tool for the study of affiliate stigma among caregivers in the cultural background of China.Second, After eliminating the negative emotional cognitive dimension, Affiliate stigma played a mediating role in autism-related behaviors of ASD children and their maternal emotional problems, as well as a complete mediating role in maternal anxiety. Third, there is no mediating effect between autism-related behaviors of ASD children and paternal emotional problems. However, affiliate stigma can predict the paternal emotional problems. |
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