| 其他摘要 | Abstract Individualism/collectivism is an important dimension to measure culture. They have different value orientations, the former focusing on the uniqueness of oneself while the latter focusing on the relationship between oneself and others. In recent years, researchers have discovered many new factors affecting individualism/collectivism and constructed theories. China has a vast land area, and the differences between regions are very obvious and huge. Given the ecological-social diversity brought about by geography, history, and the process of modernization, traditional eastern and western frameworks are likely to overlook the regional characteristics of collectivist/individualist culture within China. Therefore, the regional differences of collectivism/individualism within China and the underlying mechanisms deserve further exploration. Although some scholars have explored the regional differences of collectivism/individualism within China recently, they are still limited to the provincial level, and the research results and mechanisms are not consistent. In provinces with complex economic and ecological environments, it is worth further exploration to study the regional differences of collectivism/individualism and the underlying mechanisms by taking prefecture-level cities as units. Based on a study of four cities in Jiangsu and Shandong provinces, this paper explores the regional differences in collectivism/individualism within provinces and across the north-south boundary at the urban level, and examines several possible influencing mechanisms.Using self-report task, namely self-construal scale, and implicit cultural tasks, namely nepotism, triad task, holistic thought, attribution, ego inflation, frame line, explore within the province regional difference of collectivism/individualism at the prefecture level, and test four kinds of competition mechanism, namely Modernization theory, Economic-climate theory, Rice Theory and Triple-line theory hypothesis .It was found that there was a regional difference in collectivism/individualism between the southern and northern parts of Jiangsu. Suzhou has higher individualism tendency than Lianyungang and Yancheng in terms of nepotism, attribution task and relationship fluidity, but no significant difference in terms of analytical thinking and holistic thought. Qingdao, as a reference outside the province, further validates the modernization or climate-economic theory. In conclusion, except when the reference object is family and friends, comparing to other theories, the modernization theory can explain the regional differences in collectivism/individualism within the province in all tasks, while Rice theory and Triple-line theory fail to explain any facet of collectivism/individualism differences. In general, the results of this paper indicate that although all in the same context of collectivism culture, there are differences in collectivism/individualism tendencies within provinces at prefecture-level cities. This result will help us to better understand the cultural character and values of contemporary Chinese society. |
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