| 其他摘要 | Drug addiction is a chronic recurrent brain disease. Long-term drug abuse causes the dysregulation of the reward system, people with drug use disorders reduce interests to natural reward, and seek for drugs and related cues for higher level of reward experience. Drugs also damage the function of emotional system, people with drug use disorders have more negative emotions and become more sensitive to stress events. In addition, drugs impaired the executive function of the prefrontal cortex and decreased its executive function which bring difficulties to drug addicts to maintain abstinence.Methamphetamine abuse brings serious challenges to individuals, families and society in China and other countries. Currently to my knowledge, the effects of intervention and treatment programs for methamphetamine addiction need to be improved and tested. The reduction of relapse rate is the key for effective detoxification treatment and intervention. To explore and analyze the high risk and protective factors of methamphetamine addiction relapse is helpful to improve the detoxification treatment and community rehabilitation program. Identifying the high risk factors of relapse can prevent relapse, and protective factors can reduce the possibility of relapse, as well as decrease the influence of high risk factors on relapse. At present, most of the studies mainly pay attention to the high risk factors of relapse, and there are few discussions on protective factors. This study is divided into three parts in order to systematically explore the high risk and protective factors for relapse behavior of methamphetamine addiction.First, researchers interviewed 56 methamphetamine addicts for investigating high risk and protective factors. The results showed that the high risk factors of methamphetamine addiction relapse were interpersonal conflict, peer temptation and social exclusion. The best protective factor of relapse was social support. Second, On the basis of literature investigation, semi-structured interview and pilot study, the researcher developed the questionnaire of "High Risk And Protective Factors Of Inducing And Influencing Methamphetamine Addiction Relapse". The inducing factors questionnaire includes five sub-questionnaires: emotion, stress events, social support, cue exposure and physiology, and the influencing factors questionnaire includes two sub-questionnaires: cognition and life state. Moreover, the researcher investigated 371 (232 females) people with methamphetamine addiction in the compulsory isolation detoxification centers at Guangdong and Hunan province using the questionnaire of " High Risk And Protective Factors Of Inducing And Influencing Methamphetamine Addiction Relapse ", to understand Specific comparison of high risk and protective factors of relapse .The results showed that there were significant differences in the severity of addiction and gender in relapse factors. The subjects with more severe degree of addiction have higher risk of relapse in terms of negative emotion and peer temptation. Female subjects with methamphetamine addiction were more likely to experience negative emotions, interpersonal conflict and social exclusion as high risk factors. Social support and job fulfillment were protective factors for them to maintain abstinence. Lower levels of education and more unstable working conditions indicate more serious social exclusion leading the greater the likelihood of relapse.This research preliminarily formed a basic framework for the prevention of methamphetamine relapse, and emphasized the guiding significance of protective factors in clinical practice. It is necessary to constantly improve the social support system for drug addicts, and the relevant departments should give necessary guidance and assistance to drug addicts in the aspects of medical treatment, education, employment and social security. And better treatment and intervention results require a understanding of the personalized high risk and protective factors of relapse, as well as the joint efforts of individuals, families and society.In the future, it is necessary to collect representative samples in more areas for survey research, to establish a model of high risk and protective factors for preventing methamphetamine relapse behaviors, and to develop a scale with good reliability and validity. |
修改评论