| 其他摘要 | In recent years, the marriage rate in China has reached a new low, and the divorce rate has been increasing year by year. The phenomenon of being single is becoming more and more common.By exploring the possible influencing factors and mechanisms of marital attitude, this study aims to provide a theoretical basis and method for marriage counseling and treatment, hoping to help provide perfect mental health services for people in need.Objective: The research investigates the current status of adult marital attitude, adult attachment, self-esteem and trust, and explores the relationship among the four.Methods: In this study, a convenient sampling method was adopted to distribute Marital Attitude Scale (MAS), Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR), Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and Trust Scale (TS) to adults aged 18 to 60 through the "questionnaire star" platform in April to May 2019. A total of 450 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 78.8%. SPSS23.0 software was used for data analysis. The statistical methods included independent sample T test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and mediation effect test.Results: Marital attitudes, adult attachment, self-esteem and trust were generally in good shape. Marital attitude and its dimensions were negatively correlated with adult attachment, and positively correlated with self-esteem and trust. Attachment avoidance, self-esteem and trust predicted marital attitude, accounting for 30.7% of the total variation. Attachment avoidance and trust predicted general marriage concept, accounting for 21.6% of the total variation.Attachment avoidance, self-esteem, and trust predicted self-marital evaluation or outlook, accounting for 33.1% of the total variation. Self-esteem plays a complete mediating role between attachment anxiety and marital attitude, and the mediating effect accounts for 55.0%. Trust plays a partial mediating role between attachment avoidance and marital attitude, with the mediating effect accounting for 25.3%.Conclusion: 1.Adult marital attitude is generally positive, and adult attachment, self-esteem and trust are generally in good condition.2.Basic demographic situation: men's marital attitude and 2 dimensions are more positive than women's,but the dependence is lower than women's.Self-esteem increases with age.The higher the education level, the more positive the marital attitude and 2 dimensions, the lower the attachment anxiety, and the higher the self-esteem, trust and predictability.The higher the monthly income, the more positive the self-marital evaluation or outlook, the lower the attachment anxiety, and the higher the self-esteem.3.Family structure: adults whose parents have a stable marriage have the most positive marital attitude and general marriage concept, with high self-esteem, trust and 3 dimensions.The marital attitude and self-marital evaluation or outlook of married adults are more positive than that of single adults, with lower attachment anxiety and higher self-esteem, trust and 3 dimensions.4.Love experience: compared with those with love experience, adults without love experience had lower marital attitude and 2 dimensions, and lower self-esteem, trust and 3 dimensions.The longer the relationship with a stable partner, the more positive the marital attitude and self-evaluation or outlook, the lower the adult attachment and the higher the self-esteem.5.The marital attitude and 2 dimensions of secure attachment were the most optimistic, followed by preoccupied attachment.The dismissing attachment’s self-marital evaluation or outlook was slightly more positive than the fearful attachment.Secure attachment had the highest levels of self-esteem, followed by dismissing, preoccupied and fearful attachment.The degree of trust and 3 dimensions of secure attachment type is the highest, and the degree of fearful attachment type is the lowest.6.Marital attitude were significantly negatively correlated with adult attachment and positively correlated with self-esteem and trust; adult attachment were significantly negatively correlated with self-esteem and trust.7.Attachment avoidance can significantly negatively predict marital attitude and 2 dimensions, self-esteem can significantly positively predict marital attitude and self-marital evaluation or outlook, and trust can significantly positively predict marital attitude and 2 dimensions.8.Attachment anxiety affects marital attitude indirectly through self-esteem, attachment avoidance directly affects marital attitude, and also indirectly through trust. |
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