Objective: To compare the occurences, influencing factors, cognition and needs of postpartum depression for primiparas and second birth parturients. Methods : Research objects were the puerperae delivered in a grade 3 and first-class hospital in Kunming. Postpartum Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, and maternal general data, social support, perceptions of the knowledge and needs about Postpartum Depression were also collected. We used “Wenjuanxing” software to collect and export data.Results: 1. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale scores are 9.74±4.73of primiparas and 9.76±4.63 of second birth parturients, and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The incidence of postpartum depression was 29.39% in second birth parturient, slightly higher than 25.46% in primipara, and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). 2. Cesarean section, newborn being a boy, less subjective support, and the hope of medical staff to provide knowledge of postpartum depression were risk factors for postpartum depression in primiparous women (p < 0.05); family income < 100,000, family dissatisfaction with gender of the newborn, neonatal conversion to pediatrics, history of poor motherhood, less objective support, less subjective support, and the hope of medical staff to provide knowledge of postpartum depression were risk factors for postpartum depression in second birth parturients(p < 0.05). 3. 265 (69.55%) primiparas and 176 (67.18%) second birth parturients were largely unware of postpartum depression(never heard of or known a little), and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The demand for attention and advice on mental health from medical staff in primiparas （90.03%）was higher than that of the second birth parturients（83.21%） (p < 0.05). The demand for postpartum depression knowledge of primiparas （75.59%）was higher than that of the second birth parturients（68.32%）(p < 0.05), and the attention rate of medical staff to the psychological status of primiparas（75.59%）was higher than that of the second birth parturients（66.41%）, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence rate of postpartum depression is more than 20% in both primiparas and second birth parturients. Puerperae (poor cognition of postpartum depression) ，families(less support) and obstetric factors were influence factors. Mental health education should be given to both puerperae and their families. puerperae have poor cognition of postpartum depression and high desire for knowledge. Medical staffs pay more attention to the mental state of the primiparas than to the second birth parturients. The effectiveness of mental health guidance for maternal women by medical staff is not good.
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