Parent-child attachment is a special emotional connection between parents and children, which has an important impact on the establishment of individual interpersonal relationships and the improvement of social functions in the future. Parenting style refers to the combination of behavioral tendencies, behavioral patterns and parenting attitudes that parents have towards their children in daily life and has had a profound impact to children’s development. Previous studies have mostly focused on the influence of father or mother on the child rather than both of them. Based on the Family System Theory, this study uses the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model to investigate the effects of parenting styles on children's parent-child attachment and the interaction between parents.
Study 1 is a cross-sectional study, and the subjects were primary school students (9-13 years old). The results showed that: 1) there were significant differences in parental rejection and parent-child attachment among children of different genders and ages. 2) parenting styles of indifference and rejection by parents were significantly positively correlated with the level of children's attachment avoidance and anxiety. 3)the parents’ rejection is significantly related to the attachment between themselves and their children; the parental rejection is also significantly related to the attachment between the spouse and the child.
Study 2 was a longitudinal study, and the subjects were primary school children in study 1(10-14 years old). The results showed that: 1) The parental rejection and parent-child attachment of T2 were significantly different among children of different genders. 2) Cross-lagged results showed that parental rejection and parent-child attachment avoidance can predict each other, parenting style can significantly predict parent-child attachment anxiety, mother-child attachment anxiety can significantly predict maternal parents’ rejection, and father-child attachment anxiety cannot significantly predict father’s rejection to child; 3) The results of the longitudinal actor- partner interdependence model show that T1 parents’ rejection can significantly predict T2 parent-child attachment avoidance, T1 maternal parenting styles can significantly predict T2 parent-child attachment anxiety; T1 maternal rejection can significantly predict T2 father-child attachment, that is, parent-child attachment avoidance has a significant actor effect, mother-child attachment anxiety has a significant actor effect, and father-child attachment has a significant partner effect. This research reveal the influence of parents on children within the family and
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