| 其他摘要 | Socioemotional selectivity theory points out that social network plays an important role among many factors affecting mental health. Especially for the middle-aged and older adults, as they grow older, they increasingly value their emotional needs, spend more energy on social relationships, and obtain emotional support and sense of life meaning from social interaction. Therefore, having a healthy social network is of great significance to maintain the mental health of the middle-aged and older adults. In previous studies, the research on the relationship between social network and mental health mostly focused on the sizes and structures of social network and other characteristics, neglecting the important role of social network positivity and negativity, and exploring few related mechanisms. The present study adopts questionnaire survey and experimental research to explore the relationship between the emotional tone of social network and subjective well-being(SWB) of the middle-aged and older adults, and reveal the role of interpersonal trust and belief in a just world(BJW) in the relationship.
In Study 1, 351 middle-aged and older adults(45-79 years old) were selected as the research objects. The emotional tone of social network (positive social network and negative social network), interpersonal trust (generalized trust and family trust), BJW and SWB (life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect) were measured by questionnaire to investigate the relationship and mechanism between the emotional tone of social network and SWB. We construct a moderated mediation model, that is, the emotional tone of social network influences SWB through the mediation of generalized trust and family trust, and BJW moderates the first half of the relationship and direct effect. The results show that after controlling the factors such as gender, age and monthly income, (1) positive social network positively predicts SWB. (2) Negative social network negatively predicts SWB. (3) Generalized trust and family trust play a mediating role in the relationship between positive social network and SWB. (4) Generalized trust and family trust play a mediating role in the relationship between negative social network and SWB. (5) BJW moderate the relationship between negative social network and SWB. Specifically, the higher BJW, the weaker the adverse impact of negative social networks on SWB. (6) BJW moderate the relationship between negative social network and family trust. That is, the higher BJW, the weaker the adverse impact of negative social networks on family trust and, in turn, on SWB.
In Study 2, 127 middle-aged and older adults(45-79 years old) were taken as the research objects. The data were collected by the way of experimental research. The emotional tone of social network was manipulated through self-compiled textual materials. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups: positive group (n = 44), negative group (n = 41) and control group (n = 42) to further verify the causal relationship between the variables. The results show that after controlling the subjects' real emotional tone of social network and demographic variables, (1) the stronger the negative tone of social network, the lower SWB. (2) Generalized trust and family trust play a mediating role in the relationship between negative social network and SWB, and the mediating effect is causal. (3) The causal relationship and the mediating effect between positive social network and SWB do not exist. (4) The moderating effect of BJW has not been verified.
Overall, this study reveals the relationship between the emotional tone of social networks and subjective well-being, points out that the emotional tone of social networks can affect well-being by enhancing or weakening the level of interpersonal trust (generalized trust and family trust), and finds the protective effect of belief in a just world on subjective well-being when placed in social network with negative tone. These findings are instructive for understanding and maintaining subjective well-being of the middle-aged and older adults. |
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