中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的探讨青少年核心自我评价和社会退缩在同伴关系和抑郁症状间的链式中介作用。方法 2020年9～10月采用同伴依恋量表、核心自我评价量表、社会退缩量表和抑郁量表对多所学校小学四年级至初中三年级共1 936名学生进行横断面问卷调查。采用SPSS 21.0和SPSS PROCESS宏程序对数据进行处理。统计方法采用方差分析、相关分析、中介效应检验等。结果 (1)同伴关系[(94.78±17.27)分]与核心自我评价[(34.14±7.52)分]呈显著正相关(r=0.50, P<0.01), 与抑郁[(12.21±6.02)分]、社会退缩[(32.34±11.45)分]均呈显著负相关(r=-0.55, -0.58, 均P<0.01), 社会退缩与抑郁呈显著正相关(r=0.54, P<0.01)。核心自我评价与社会退缩、抑郁呈显著负相关(r=-0.48, -0.67, 均P<0.01)。(2)同伴关系对抑郁症状有显著的直接效应(效应值=-0.205, P<0.01)。核心自我评价和社会退缩分别在同伴关系对抑郁症状的影响中起单独中介作用(效应值=-0.231, -0.088, 95%CI=-0.261～-0.202, -0.110～-0.068), 两者的链式中介作用显著, 效应值为-0.025(95%CI=-0.033～-0.019)。结论良好的同伴关系可以使青少年形成较高的核心自我评价以及较少的退缩行为, 从而降低抑郁情绪。

Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of core self-evaluation and social withdrawal on the relationship between peer relationship and depression symptoms of adolescents.Methods:From September 2020 to October 2020, a sample of 1 936 students from grade 4 to grade 9 of different schools completed a cross-section questionnaire survey including the inventory of parent and peer attachment, core self-evaluation scale, child social preference scale-R and depression self-rating scale for children.SPSS 21.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro program were used for data statistics.The statistical methods included analysis of variance, correlation analysis and intermediary effect test.Results:(1) Peer relationship (94.78±17.27) was positively correlated with core self-evaluation (34.14±7.52) ( r=0.50, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with depression (12.21±6.02) and social withdrawal (32.34±11.45) ( r=-0.55, -0.58, both P<0.01). Core self-evaluation was negatively associated with social withdrawal and depression symptoms ( r=-0.48, -0.67, both P<0.01), while social withdrawal and depression was positively correlated ( r=0.54, P<0.01). (2) Peer relationship had a significant direct effect on depression symptoms (the effect value=-0.205, P<0.01). Core self-evaluation and social withdrawal respectively separate mediated the effect of peer relationship on depression symptoms (the effect value=-0.231, -0.088, 95% CI=-0.261--0.202, -0.110--0.068), while the chain mediating effect of the two was significant, and the effect value was -0.025(95% CI=-0.033--0.019). Conclusion:Good peer relationship can lead to higher core self-evaluation and less social withdrawal behaviors in adolescents that serves as buffer from depression.

国家社会科学基金(17BSH096);; 中国青少年发展基金会梅赛德斯-奔驰星愿基金(H21032)