中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

目的：探讨中医专业人员进行五行成员生克关系判断时的大脑加工特征。方法：采用关系判断研究范式，将五行成员组成相生和相克关系词对，应用事件相关电位(ERP)和功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)技术，记录并分析被试者进行五行生克关系判断任务时的反应时、正确率、所诱发的脑电成分及脑区的激活情况。结果：行为学结果显示，相生关系判断的反应时小于相克关系判断(P<0.01);ERP结果显示，2种条件均诱发200 ms事件相关电位正波(P200)、300 ms事件相关电位正波(P300)和晚期正成分(LPC)。平均波幅统计结果均为相生条件大于相克条件(P<0.05)。fMRI实验显示，相克条件激活右脑顶下小叶区域；相克条件比相生条件额外激活右脑顶上小叶和额叶的中央前回区域；相生条件比相克条件额外激活右脑额叶的额内侧回、中央旁小叶、岛叶和左脑楔叶区域。进一步的感兴趣区(ROI)分析结果显示，楔叶(BA18)处和顶上小叶(BA7/8)处均表现为相生条件激活更为显著。结论：五行生克关系的大脑加工过程与分类关系的加工相似。相较于相克关系，相生关系加工占用更多的大脑认知资源。提示五行生克关系判断的策略是基于分类关系加工的认知策略，词对关系是否符合相生关系是分类策略加工的核心。

Objective: To explore the brain processing characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) professionals in judging the mutual generation and restriction among five elements． Methods: Relation judgment paradigm was used to group the five elements into word pairs of mutual generation and restriction，and event related potential( ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging( fMRI) were adopted to record and analyze the subjects' response time，correctness，evoked EEG components and the activation of brain regions in judging the mutual generation and restriction among five elements． Results: Behavioural results showed that the response time of the subjects in mutual generation was shorter than that in mutual restriction( P ＜ 0. 01) ． ERP results indicated that both conditions induced P200，P300 and late positive component( LPC) ，and the average amplitude of mutual generation was larger than that of mutual restriction( P ＜ 0. 05) ． In fMRI experiment，the right inferior parietal lobule was activated by mutual restriction; compared with mutual generation，mutual restriction additionally activated the right superior parietal lobule and the precentral gyrus of frontal lobe; compared with mutual restriction，mutual generation additionally activated the right medial frontal gyrus，paracentral lobule，and insula and the left cuneus． Further region of interest( ROI) analysis revealed that both cuneus( BA18) and superior parietal lobule( BA7 /8) had more significant activation by mutual generation． Conclusion: Brain processing of the mutual generation and restriction among five elements is similar to that of classification relationship，and mutual generation consumes more cognitive resources than mutual restriction． This suggests that judging of the mutual generation and restriction among five elements is a cognitive strategy based on the processing of classification relationship，and whether the word pairs are consistent with mutual generation is the core of classification processing．

国家自然科学基金项目(82074582)——中医五行推理的逻辑解析与ERP及fMRI的实证研究;国家自然科学基金项目(81874514)——基于事件相关电位与功能性磁共振成像技术的中医语言研究