汉语韵律短语切分及语调降阶和下倾研究

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	汉语韵律短语切分及语调降阶和下倾研究
其他题名	Prosodic Phrase Parsing, Downstep and Declination in Chinese Intonation
	黄贤军
	2007-01-19
摘要	针对韵律短语切分问题，本研究首先基于语料库语言学的研究方法，对语料库中具有不同句法结构和韵律结构的1991个汉语常用句，进行了以语音感知为基础的韵律边界标注；对语料文本进行句法分析后，得到了各级韵律边界和句法边界的相互关系；并使用CART决策树对韵律短语边界进行了切分实验。同时基于实验室语句的研究方法，对语调中广受关注的“音高下倾”和“降阶”现象在汉语中的表现进行了研究，总结了汉语在语调特征上的共性和个性。得到的主要结论有以下几个方面： 1不同句法关系在韵律边界等级上的分布不同，并且韵律组块具有很大的不确定性。韵律结构和句法结构之间的关系只能在统计意义上进行考察。 2 除句法关系外，长度信息是影响韵律短语边界位置的重要因素，至前后边界的长度比左右成分长度更重要。本研究语料库的统计结果表明，韵律短语长度为5±3个音节。 3汉语语调中，自动降阶具有线性下降的趋势，并易受重音的影响；非自动降阶的作用主要表现在对音域上限的降低上，对音域下限的影响不大。 4低音点的降低主要是受连续音高下倾的影响，下倾的程度不仅与负载低音点的声调有关，还与该声调在韵律词中的位置有关，词首位置上低音点的下倾斜率更大；多个韵律短语构成的语句，低音线表现为以韵律短语为基本单元的下倾趋势，具体的下倾模式还与韵律短语之间的句法关系有关。
其他摘要	Firstly, prosodic boundaries of 1991 common sentences were labeled based on speech perception experiment, relation between prosodic structure and syntactic structure was examined after immediate constituent analysis, an example of prosodic phrasing from text sentences was provided using CART. Then, using designed sentences, phenomena of downstep and declination in pitch downtrend of Chinese declarative sentences were examined, commonness and speciality of Chinese intonation were discussed. The main results of the study are: 1 The distribution patterns of prosodic phrase boundaries for different syntactic structures are different, and there is great freedom in prosodic chunking. The relation between syntactic structure and prosodic structure can only be discussed in statistical sense. 2 Besides of syntactic relation, the second most important factor which influences prosodic phrase boundaries is length. The distances to the front boundary and the back boundary are more important than the lengths of the left syntactic contituent and the right one. In our corpus, the length distributions of prosodic phrases are 5±3 syllables. 3 Automatic downstep can lower intonation linearly, but is affected by stress easily. Non-automatic downstep lowers the higher part of pitch contours and has no effect on the lower one of the intonation. 4 The downtrend reason of low point is declination. The extent of declination relates to not only tones of low points, but also their positions in prosodic words, the baselines decline much faster when low point are in the initial position of a prosodic word. In long sentences, the baselines of prosodic phrases are the basic declination units, and the whole declination pattern of a sentence is related to syntactic relations between two neighboring prosodic phrases.
关键词	韵律结构韵律边界韵律短语降阶音高下倾
学位类型	博士
语种	中文
学位授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
学位授予地点	心理研究所
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/4476
专题	中国科学院心理研究所回溯数据库(1956-2010)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	黄贤军. 汉语韵律短语切分及语调降阶和下倾研究[D]. 心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所,2007.

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