| 其他摘要 | Current research on abnormal personalities suggests that people with certain personalities tend to reoffend. Previous studies have shown that 46% of the first-time offenders have one or more personality disorders, while 71%of the repeat offenders have personality disorders. Some scholars used the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+) to screen the Personality disorders of the repeat offenders, and found that anti-social personality, borderline personality, and paranoid personality are the three most common disordered personality among the reoffending group. Person with these three personality disorder tendencies may make dangerous behaviors and lead to crisis events under the condition of pressure or stress. It is necessary to have a tool to effectively screen the high-risk personality disorders tendencies, especially for some special purpose, for example, when hiring school staff.
Objective: l .This study aims to examine a new tool for screening the three risk-personalities tendencies mentioned above, called situational experiences risk personality inventory. 2. The reliability and validity of the situational experiences risk personality tendencies inventory were conducted based on the Classical Test Theory (CTT) to evaluate the overall and general performance of the inventory. 3.in order to further analyze and evaluate the items quality of situational experiences risk personality tendencies inventory. Item response theory (IRT) was used to estimate the item discrimination coefficient and information amount of each item, also for preparation of computer adaptive test in the future.
Methods: In study 1，The personality profile of antisocial, borderline and paranoid personality disorders tendencies was described based on the clinical interview records and pathological personality traits defined by DSM-V. The core maladaptive behaviors, motivations and inner experiences were given specific situations to compile the situational screening scale of risky personality tendencies. Volunteers were recruited online to issue electronic questionnaires to people over 18 years old, and 577 valid questionnaires were collected for data analysis. The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire PDQ-4+prepared by Dr. Hyler was used as the scale of validity. In study 2, Firstly, in order to further analyze and evaluate the items quality of situational experiences risk personality tendencies inventory. Item response theory (IRT) was used to estimate the item discrimination coefficient and information amount of each item.
Results: Study 1，The results show for the 3 PDs the internal consistency reliability is above 0.9, the retest reliability ranges from 0.54 to 0.58(P<0.01), and the standard validity ranges from 0.43 to 0.56(P<0.01). Among the total 577 samples the first group was picked at random (n=290) for exploratory factor analysis. After revision, 5-factor model was extracted from PD 1，4-factor model was extracted from both PD2 and PD3, which covered the core diagnostic criteria as defined by DSM-V. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to verify the structural stability and model suitability using the remining samples (n=287), and the result shows the agreement with the factor models. ROC curve analysis was conducted using the new inventory result as independent variables and PDQ-4+ result as dependent variables. When the cut-off value is set as 52.5, 53.5, and 54.5, the AUC value shows as 0.77, 0.75 and 0.74 respectively for PD 1，PD2 and PD3.The analysis result shows the positive predictive value is in the moderate range while the negative predictive value is excellent. Study 2. Four items did not meet the IRT hypothesis test were deleted. Situational experiences risk personality inventory included 24 items of antisocial scale (PD1), 20 items of borderline scale (PD2) and 23 items of paranoid Scale (PD3). The results showed that all the items had a good discrimination parameter raging from 0.87 to 3.15. The test information of PD 1，PD2 and PD3 is more than 16, and the results was good。
Conclusion: The new inventory proved the acceptable reliability and validity and can be used as a relatively efficient screening instrument for antisocial, borderline and paranoid PDs tendencies diagnosis, but some items still need to be further revised and verified. |
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