| 其他摘要 | Income and the social comparison it causes can affect people's well-being and mental health, which is supported by many theories and researches. When we put this pair of variables into marriage and family, due to the complicated influence of attitudes, emotional situation, unity and contradiction between the common interests and individual interests, further researches should be needed to establish the impact of the income level of one party of the marriage on the well-being, mental health, etc. of the individual, the spouse and the family as a whole. Reviewing the existing researches, it is found that many studies have explored the influence of the income proportion of both parties of the marriage on happiness, family stability, etc. from a sociological perspective, while those from psychological perspective are few. The research on the effect of income proportion on women's mental health still remains blank.
The purpose of the present study is to explore the relationship of this group of variables and their mechanisms by starting from the income proportion of both parties and women's distress level. This study is based on McElroy, M.B. et al.'s research on bargaining power and voice in marriage, Becker's theory of family division of labor, Kraus et al.'s empirical research on sense of control, Yang Huichang et al.'s empirical research on family support, the cognitive dissonance theory and the social exchange theory, to build the research model. The research adopts the questionnaire method, taking married women as the survey objects, and conducting two surveys nationwide through the Internet. The first survey used the existing distress level scale and demographic variables to compile a questionnaire, distributed 120 questionnaires and 100 valid questionnaires were recovered, finding the relationship between the proportion of female income in the total income of husband and wife and the female distress level (hereinafter referred to as "income proportion" and "distress level") tentatively; for the second survey, the existing scales of sense of control, traditional gender role concepts, and family support were added to the questionnaire to form a new one, of which 500 were distributed, and 405 valid ones were recovered, which proved the existence of the relationship between income proportion and distress level, and explored the roles of sense of control, sense of traditional gender roles and family support. The results of the two studies show that 1.the proportion of income and pain level shows a U-shaped curved relationship; 2. the sense of control plays a partial mediating role; 3. the traditional gender roles concept plays a positive moderating role; 4. the family support plays a negative regulatory role.
This study is the first to find the positive U-shaped relationship between the proportion of married women's income in the total income of the couple and their level of psychological distress, as well as the mediating effect between the two through the sense of control and the mediation effect of women's sense of traditional gender roles and the level of family support she obtained. This research provides valuable practical inspiration for reducing women's suffering level and improving women's well-being, and provides theoretical reference and practical basis for follow-up related researches. |
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