社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

极简生活可以提升个体的心理健康和生活满意度，然而尚不清楚极简生活的人际影响。本研究基于刻板印象内容模型，采用六个实验和一个元分析表明，极简生活可以作为社会判断的线索，对印象评价和人际互动具有混合影响。

实验lA(N--120)和实验1B(N 121)，采用文字描述操纵目标对象的生活特征，探究人们对极简主义者的印象评价。结果表明，极简主义者(相比于非极简主义者)，被感知为高能力但低热情，间接提升共事意向但降低交友意向。

实验2A(N--266)和实验2B(N 235)，分别用极简服装和极简家具的图片线索，表明目标性别具有调节作用:极简生活对男性极简主义者的能力评价提升效应更高，但对女性极简主义者的热情评价降低效应更高。

实验3A(N--240)探究了线下日常情境中不同性别极简主义者的印象评价对人际互动的影响。结果表明，极简生活对与男性极简主义者共事意向的间接提升效应更高，但未到显著水平;对女性极简主义者交友意向的间接降低效应显著更高。 实验3B(N--132)从线上社交媒体情境出发，探究以上结果是否能在现实社交平台中复现。结果显示，人们对极简生活博主的能力评价更高但热情评价更低，从而导致共事意向更高但交友意向更低。目标性别的调节作用不显著，但呈现出与实验2A和实验2B一致的趋势:极简生活对男性极简主义者(相比女性极简主义者)的能力提升效应和共事意向间接提升效应更大;对女性极简主义者(相比男性极简主义者)的热情降低效应和交友意向间接降低效应更大。此外，男性在社交媒体上发布极简生活的内容可增加用户的分享意向，但降低点赞行为;而女性发布极简生活内容，不能增加参与意向，且降低点赞和收藏行为。

最后，单篇论文元分析的合并效应结果表明，极简生活会影响人们对极简主义者的印象评价和人际互动:提高能力评价但降低热情评价，间接提高共事意向但降低交友意向。目标性别对热情评价而非能力评价起调节作用:人们对男性极简主义者的能力评价更高，导致共事意向更高，但未到显著水平;对女性极简主义者的热情评价显著更低，导致交友意向显著更低。总体而言，极简生活对女性极简主义者的负面影响更大(反冲效应)。本研究结果拓展了极简生活的研究，并为个体的印象管理策略和个人品牌塑造提供了启示。

Minimalist lifestyle has been positively associated with psychological well-being and life satisfaction, but its effects on interpersonal perceptions remain unclear. In this research, based on the stereotype content model, six experiments and a meta-analysis were conducted to examine the mixed signals of minimalist lifestyle on social perceptions and interpersonal interactions.

In Study lA(N 120) and Study 1B(N 121), using textual descriptions to manipulate target characteristics, the perceived competence and warmth of minimalists and non-minimalists were examined. Results indicated that minimalists(vs. non-minimalists) were perceived as more competent but less warm, which indirectly increased cooperation intentions but decreased friendship intentions.

Study 2A(N 266) and Study 2B(N 235), utilizing pictorial cues of minimalist clothing and minimalist furniture respectively, showed that target gender had a moderating effect: Minimalist lifestyle had a higher enhanced effect on perceived competence of male minimalists, but a greater diminished effect on perceived warmth of female minimalists.

In Study 3A (N 240) explored how the target gender moderated the mediating effects of impression evaluation on minimalist lifestyle and interpersonal interactions from the perspective of offiine contexts. Results indicated that the facilitative indirect effect of minimalist lifestyle on cooperation intentions is more likely to occur for male minimalists, but not to a significant level; while the detrimental indirect effect of minimalist lifestyle on friendship intentions is more significant for female minimalists.

Study 3B(N 132) examined the replication of these results in online social media interactions. Results showed that people perceived minimalist influencers higher on competence but lower on warmth, and had higher intentions for cooperation but lower intentions for friendship. The moderating effect of target gender was not significant, but showed a trend consistent with Study 2A and 2B: the enhancement effect of minimalist lifestyle on perceived competence directly and cooperation intentions indirectly were greater for male(vs. female) minimalists; the reduction effect of minimalist lifestyle on perceived warmth directly and friendship intentions indirectly were greater for female(vs. male) minimalists. Furthermore, men posting minimalist lifestyle content increased viewers' sharing intentions but decreased liking behaviors, whereas women posting minimalist lifestyle content did not increase engagement intentions and decreased liking and favoriting behaviors.

Finally, single paper meta-analysis suggested that minimalist lifestyle affected participants' social perceptions of and interpersonal interactions with minimalists: higher perceived competence but lower perceived warmth, and indirectly higher cooperation intentions but lower friendship intentions. Target gender was found to have a moderating effect on perceived warmth but not on perceived competence: Participants perceived male minimalists marginally higher on competence and had higher intentions for cooperation; participants perceived female minimalists significantly lower on warmth and had lower intentions for friendship. Overall, minimalist lifestyle had a greater negative impact(backlash effect) on female minimalists. These findings broadened the scope of minimalist lifestyle research and provided insights into individual impression management strategies and personal branding.