| 摘要 | 研究目的：修订青少年感觉寻求量表SSSC，调查初中生感觉寻求及维度，深入了解感觉寻求各维度差异与特点，重点考察感觉寻求及其各分维度在父母教养与创造力、外化行为间调节作用。进而分析摆脱抑制维度的环境易感性，以期从这一角度解释感觉寻求的两极化特征的成因，为高感觉寻求青少年发挥高创造力与减少问题行为提供支持与干预的理论基础。 研究方法：采用方便抽样并兼顾随机抽样与分层整群抽样方法，收集初中学生有效样本共1561个。应用SPSS26.0进行统计学分析。 研究结果： 1. 探索性因素分析：修订SSSC青少年感觉寻求量表，提取3个因子，分别命名为：兴奋与冒险寻求(Thrill and Adventure Seeking, TAS)、摆脱抑制(Disinhibition, Dis)、体验寻求(Experience Seeking, ES)。各维度的Cronbach’s α系数分别为0.75、0.71、0.63。 2. t检验：感觉寻求总分、兴奋与冒险寻求、体验寻求无性别差异，但摆脱抑制维度女生（2.42±1.92）显著比男生（1.91±1.89）高（p<0.01）。 3. Pearson相关分析：摆脱抑制与创造力无关。兴奋与冒险寻求、体验寻求与外化行为(包括攻击性与违纪)无关。 4. 以父母教养(分六个维度)、摆脱抑制、及其交互项作为自变量，创造力作为因变量作分层回归，发现摆脱抑制回归不显著，但父母教养各维度×摆脱抑制均能显著预测创造力倾向。以母亲拒绝维度为例，摆脱抑制对母亲拒绝→创造力存在调节作用(B=-0.17, p<0.01, ∆R2=0.012)。显著性区域(RoS)检测表明，母亲拒绝维度分数在9.84~14.21的区域之外调节效应起作用；调节作用具有两端显著性，影响人群范围62%。感觉寻求总分及其他维度在父母教养与创造力之间的调节作用不显著。 5. 父母教养两个维度(父亲拒绝和父亲过度保护)、摆脱抑制及二者交互项对外化行为的回归显著，摆脱抑制调节父亲拒绝→外化行为(B=-0.05, p<0.05, ∆R2=0.004)，但交互作用形式无两端显著性。感觉寻求总分及其他维度在父母教养与外化行为之间的调节作用不显著。 结论： 1. 修订后的中文版青少年感觉寻求量表各维度与Zuckerman经典感觉寻求量表各维度对应，理论与结构一致。该量表各维度区分显著，并兼顾中国青少年文化适应性，信效度良好。中国初中生感觉寻求的摆脱抑制维度男生显著低于女生，大城市中这种差异明显。 2. 感觉寻求的摆脱抑制维度可以调节父母教养与创造力关系。高摆脱抑制的青少年，当父母教养水平高，创造力倾向就更强；而当父母教养水平低时，创造力倾向就更弱。高摆脱抑制具有差异易感性特征，这可能是感觉寻求最好或最坏两极化特征的一个原因。 |
| 其他摘要 | Objective: On the basis of revising the Sensation Seeking Scale for Children(SSSC), this paper investigated the present situation of junior high school students' Sensation Seeking and its various dimensions.The study also analyzed the relationship between parental rearing, Sensation Seeking, creativity and externalizing behavior, and explored the moderating effect of Sensation Seeking and it’s subscales. The further analysis showed something about the environmental susceptibility of Disinhibition. From this point of view, this paper explored the causes of the polarization of Sensation Seeking and provided a theoretical basis for future support and intervention for teenagers with high Sensation Seeking. Methods: Convenient sampling was adopted in this study, at the same time random sampling and stratified cluster sampling were properly considered. Taking junior high school students as the research object, the effective sample size is 1561. All the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS26.0. Research Results:1. Exploratory factor analysis: Three factors were selected and named as three subscales: Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS); Disinhibition (Dis); Experience Seeking (ES). Cronbach's α coefficients of each dimension are 0.75, 0.71 and 0.63 respectively.2. t test : Grouped by gender, the total score of Sensation Seeking(SS), Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS)and Experience seeking (ES) had no difference in male/female samples. However, the Disinhibition (Dis)scores of boys (1.91± 1.89) and girls (2.41 ±1.92) were significantly different, and the scores of women were higher than those of men (P < 0.01).3. Pearson correlation analysis: There is no significant correlation between creativity and Disinhibition. The externalizing behavior was not significantly correlated with Thrill and Adventure Seeking and Experience Seeking.4. Regression analysis: Taking parental rearing (with six dimensions), Disinhibition and their interaction items as independent variables and creativity as dependent variables, the hierarchical regression shows that Disinhibition was not significant, but all dimensions of parental rearing × Disinhibition can significantly predict creativity tendency. Taking the dimension of mother's rejection as an example, Disinhibition can regulate mother's rejection → creativity. (B=-0.17, p<0.01, △R2= 0.012). Regions of Significance(RoS) examination showed that when the score of mother's rejection dimension was outside the range of 9.84 ~ 14.21, it was significant, and the proportion affected was 62%. This effect of interaction is more in line with the differential susceptibility model. The moderating effect of the total score of Sensation Seeking between parental rearing and creativity is not significant.5. With the same analyzing method, taking one dimension of parental style, father rejection dimension, Disinhibition, and their interactive item as independent variables for hierarchical regression, it was found that the regression of father rejection and Disinhibition was significant to predict externalizing behavior, and Disinhibition had a regulatory effect on father rejection →externalizing behavior (B=-0.05,p<0.05, △R2= 0.004). This effect of interaction is not in line with the differential susceptibility model. The moderating effect of the total score of Sensation Seeking between parental rearing and externalizing behavior is not significant.Conclusion: 1. The dimensions of the revised Chinese version of the sensation seeking scale for Children are consistent with the traditional sensation seeking scale, that indicates the Chinese version is consistent in theory.it also adapts to the culture of China with good reliability and validity. The gender difference is that the Disinhibition of male students in big cities is significantly lower than that of female students. 2. Disinhibition can regulate the relationship between parental rearing and creativity. The influence of parental rearing on creativity is different for teenagers with different Disinhibition. For Teenagers with high Disinhibition, they are more creative when the quality of their parental rearing is better, but less creative when their parental rearing is worse. However, the quality of parental rearing has no effect on creativity for teenagers with low Disinhibition. High Disinhibition is a personality trait with environmental susceptibility, which may be one of the reasons why people with high Sensation Seeking show the best or worst polarization characteristics. |
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