社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

宫颈癌在全球女性癌症发病率中位居第二，是威胁女性健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一。值得庆幸的是，宫颈癌也是目前唯一已知病因，且可以通过早期预防和彻底治疗达到根除的癌症。HPV 疫苗的接种不仅能有效地阻止宫颈癌及其前期病变的发展，同时也能预防HPV感染引发的其他部位的疾病。然而我国疫苗接种情况并不乐观，其中疫苗犹豫是对疫苗接种计划的重大威胁。尽管各国每年都在大量资金投入疫苗接种宣传，但研究结果显示这些宣传手段对于提高疫苗接种意愿和行为的效果甚微。因此，采取合适的干预措施来降低疫苗犹豫，提高民众的接种意愿具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。基于此，本研究将深入探索HPV疫苗接种意愿的影响因素，并在此基础上探究基于影响因素构建的说服信息的说服效果，同时探究人格对于说服信息的影响，为针对不同人群设计和传递有针对性的说服信息提供科学依据和参考，从而强化信息的说服效果，使社会资源得到更有效的分配和利用。

本论文共设计三个研究。研究一通过半结构化访谈的方法明确对HPV疫苗接种意愿产生影响的因素；研究二通过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析，编制出一份具有良好信效度的 HPV 疫苗接种意愿影响因素重要性评估问卷，并探究疫苗接种意愿不同影响因素的重要性。研究三通过两个信息说服实验，验证基于影响因素进行信息说服的可行性，同时探究个体的人格特征对于包含不同影响因 素信息说服效果的调节作用。

研究一：通过半结构化访谈的方法，探究了个体HPV疫苗接种意愿的影响因素，得到了疫苗安全性、疫苗有效性、接种便利性、专业性、从众、数据等25个影响因素；同时基于TPB 理论初步探索出了HPV疫苗接种意愿影响因素的5个主题：疫苗有效性与安全性、感知利益、参考群体、参考信息、行为障碍。

研究二：通过探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析及信效度检验，构建了一个包含17个题目，4 个维度的 HPV 疫苗接种意愿影响因素重要性评估问卷。这四个维度分别是：参考信息（6 个题目）、参考群体（5个题目）、疫苗安全性（3个题目）和行为障碍（3个题目）。其中，验证性因子分析支持4因子模型（χ²/df<3，RMR=0.059，RMSEA=0.054，GFI=0.928，TLI=0.914，IFI=0.929），显示出良好 的模型拟合度。问卷的 Cronbach's α 系数为0.846，间隔 4 周的重测信度为 0.804。表明我们的问卷具有良好的信效度。此外，不同影响因素对个体疫苗决策的重要性存在明显差异，不同人格特征的个体在评判 HPV 疫苗接种意愿影响因素的重要程度时也存在显著差异。

研究三：选取HPV疫苗和新冠疫苗作为非免疫规划疫苗和免疫规划疫苗两类疫苗的代表，以此进行两项信息说服的实验研究。研究结果验证了基于疫苗接种意愿影响因素进行信息说服的可行性，同时发现包含不同影响因素信息的说服效果具有显著差异。进一步分析证实了个体的人格特征会调节包含不同影响因素信息的说服效果，且这种调节作用在不同影响因素信息中表现出不同的模式。

总体而言，本研究的主要成果和结论如下：

（1）发现了HPV疫苗接种意愿影响因素，包含疫苗安全性、疫苗有效性、接种便利性、专业性、从众、数据等25个具体影响因素；

（2）揭示了不同疫苗接种意愿影响因素在疫苗决策中的重要程度，形成了 HPV 疫苗接种意愿影响因素重要性评估问卷，包含 4 个维度（参考信息、参考 群体、疫苗安全性和行为障碍）的 17 个题目，信度和效度良好，可以用于评估 HPV 疫苗接种意愿影响因素在个体疫苗决策中的作用；

（3）基于疫苗接种意愿影响因素编制信息并进行说服是可行的，包含不同影响因素的信息对个体的说服效果具有显著差异；

（4）个体的人格特征会调节包含不同影响因素信息的说服效果，且这种调节作用对包含不同影响因素的信息是不同的。

本研究探讨了影响疫苗接种意愿的因素，并在此基础上研究影响因素对信息说服力的影响，这一研究结果将丰富疫苗接种意愿的相关研究，并提供更加全面和深入的理解。通过综合分析个体心理特征与信息说服因素之间的相互作用，我们可以揭示更为精细的个体差异在信息接受和行为决策中的作用。这将为制定针对性的干预策略和个性化的疫苗宣传提供理论支持，使宣传信息更加精准地匹配不同个体的心理特征和需求。本研究结果将为个性化的疫苗宣传提供科学依据，有助于推动疫苗接种意愿的提升并促进公共健康的改善。

Cervical cancer ranks second in the global incidence of female cancer and is one of the common malignant tumors that threaten women's health. Fortunately, cervical cancer is a special kind of cancer, it is currently the only clear cause, and can be early prevention and radical treatment of cancer. Vaccination of HPV vaccine can not only effectively prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, but also prevent the disease of other parts caused by HPV infection. However, China's vaccination situation is not optimistic, and vaccine hesitation is a major threat to the vaccination program. Although countries spend large amounts of money on vaccination campaigns yearly, the results show that these campaigns have little effect on increasing vaccination intentions and behavior. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and application value to take appropriate intervention measures to reduce vaccine hesitation and increase people's willingness to vaccinate. Based on this, this study will deeply explore the influencing factors of HPV vaccination intention, and on this basis, explore the persuasive effect of persuasive information constructed based on influencing factors, and explore the influence of personality on persuasive information, so as to provide scientific basis and reference for the design and delivery of targeted persuasive information for different groups, so as to strengthen the persuasive effect of information. So that social resources can be more effectively allocated and used.

Three sub-studies are designed in this paper. A semi-structured interview was conducted to identify the factors influencing HPV vaccination willingness. In study 2, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to compile a questionnaire with good reliability and validity to assess the importance of factors influencing HPV vaccination intention, and at the same time, individuals' preferences for factors influencing vaccination willingness were measured. Study 3 verifies the feasibility of information persuasion based on influencing factors through two information persuasion experiments, and explores the influence of individual personality characteristics on the persuasion effect containing information of different influencing factors.

Study 1: Through the method of semi-structured interview, we explored the influencing factors of individual HPV vaccination willingness, and obtained 25 influencing factors such as vaccine safety, vaccine effectiveness, vaccination convenience, professionalism, conformity and data. At the same time, based on the TPB theory, five themes of influencing factors of HPV vaccination intention were initially explored: vaccine effectiveness and safety, perceived benefits, reference groups, reference information, and behavioral disorders.

Study 2: Through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability and validity test, a questionnaire containing 17 questions and 4 dimensions was constructed to evaluate the importance of factors influencing HPV vaccination intention. The four dimensions are: reference information (6 questions), reference population (5 questions), vaccine safety (3 questions), and behavioral disorders (3 questions). Among them, confirmatory factor analysis supported the 4-factor model (χ²/df＜3, RMR=0.059, RMSEA=0.054, GFI=0.928, TLI=0.914, IFI=0.929), showing good model fit. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.846, and the retest reliability at a 4-week interval was 0.804. It shows that our questionnaire has good reliability and validity. In addition, individuals have different importance degrees for different influencing factors, and individuals with different personality characteristics have significant differences in evaluating the importance degrees of factors influencing HPV vaccination intention.

Study 3: The HPV vaccine and novel coronavirus vaccine were selected as representatives of the two types of vaccines, non-immunization program vaccine and immunization program vaccine, and two experimental studies of information persuasion were conducted. The research results verified the feasibility of information persuasion based on the influencing factors of vaccination willingness and found that information containing different influencing factors had significant differences in the persuasive effects of individuals. Further studies have confirmed that individual personality characteristics can affect the persuasive effect of information containing different influencing factors, and the influence shows different patterns in the information of different influencing factors.

In general, the conclusions of these studies are as follows:

(1) We obtained 25 influencing factors of HPV vaccination intention, including vaccine safety, vaccine effectiveness, vaccination convenience, professionalism, conformity, and data;

(2) A 17-item questionnaire with 4 dimensions (reference information, reference group, vaccine safety, and behavioral disorders) was formed to assess the importance of factors influencing HPV vaccination intention. The reliability and validity of the scale were good, and it could be used to evaluate the preference of the factors influencing the intention of HPV vaccination.

(3) It is feasible to compile information and conduct persuasion based on the influencing factors of vaccination intention, and information containing different influencing factors has significant differences in the persuasive effects of individuals;

(4) Individual personality characteristics will affect the persuasive effect of information containing different influencing factors, and such influence has different effects on information containing different influencing factors.

This study explored the factors that affect the intention to vaccinate, and on this basis studied the influence of the influencing factors on information persuasion. The results of this study will enrich the relevant research on the intention to vaccinate, and provide a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding. By comprehensively analyzing the interaction between individual psychological characteristics and information persuasion factors, we can reveal the role of more detailed individual differences in information acceptance and behavioral decision making. This will provide theoretical support for the formulation of targeted intervention strategies and personalized vaccine publicity, so that the publicity information can more accurately match the psychological characteristics and needs of different individuals. The results of this study will provide scientific basis for personalized vaccine publicity, which will help promote the promotion of vaccination intention and promote the improvement of public health.