儿童汉字意识及精细辨认能力的发展研究

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	儿童汉字意识及精细辨认能力的发展研究
	胡平
	1998
摘要	儿童的汉字意识是儿童学习汉字的重要基础。它是指儿童对汉字组合规则的认识和提取。儿童的知觉学习本质上是儿童对不变性的直接感知。作为抽象规则提取的重要机制，知觉学习也是汉字意识的发展的重要心理机制。本研究通过图形字，错位字和假字测查了4至6岁儿童的汉字意识，通过知觉学习实验测查儿童知觉分化的过程，并进一步探讨了不同注意条件下，儿童精细辨认汉字的能力的发展。实验结果表明，儿童的汉字意识的发展具有这样的特点：4岁儿童已经具有了基本的汉字意识的萌发。儿童的汉字意识的发展具有年龄特征。知觉学习作为汉字意识发展的心理机制，与汉字意识的成绩表现出了复杂的相关。通过实验结果还可以看出，儿童的知觉分化水平具有这样的特点：儿童的知觉分化是从三维度的混淆向单维度的错误过渡，儿童的知觉分化水平与儿童的精细辨府汉字的能力的发展有着一定的相关关系。通过本研究，还可以初步得出这样的结论：不同年龄的儿童的精细辨认的发展特点是不同的，不同注意条件下的精细辨认有着非常相似的过程和特征。
其他摘要	The important basis for the children to study chinese character is the Chinese character awareness, which means the understanding and extracting of the Chinese character combinatorial rule. The perceptual learning intrinsically is the direct perceive to the invariant rules. As the important mechanism to extract the abstract rule, the perceptual learning is the important mechanism of the development of the Chinese character awareness also. 4-6-year-old children's Chinese character awareness are tested by the degree of acceptance to the graphic words, inlaying words and pseudowords. The perceptual disintegration are tested by the perceptual learning experiment. Moreover, the development of the ability to finely-identify the Chinese character under the different level of attention condition is explored. The result suggests the quality to the development of the children's Chinese character awareness: The Chinese character awareness to 4-year-old children is in the rudiment stage, and it have different qualities as the change of the age. As the mechanism of the Chinese character awareness, the perceptual learning have an complex correlation to the awareness. The result indicates the following effects of the children perceptual disintegration: the level of the perceptual disintegration is transitive from three-dimension confusion to one-dimension falsity. It have correlation with the ability to finely-identify the Chinese character to a certain degree. The result also shows: the developmental specialties of the ability to finely-identify the Chinese character are different in the different age. The ability to finely-identify the Chinese character under the different level of attention condition have very similar processes.
关键词	汉字意识知觉学习精细辨认
学位类型	硕士
语种	中文
学位专业	普通心理学
学位授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
学位授予地点	中国科学院心理研究所
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/4814
专题	中国科学院心理研究所回溯数据库(1956-2010)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	胡平. 儿童汉字意识及精细辨认能力的发展研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所,1998.

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