健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

过去的十年里，我国大学生心理健康问题呈显著升高的态势，心理问题的发生率高达 20%-30%，亟需专业的心理治疗来帮助减轻症状，降低心理疾病对个人、家庭、社会造成的不良影响。然而，目前我国大学生心理咨询存在求助率低的问题。这背后潜在的机制分别可能是改变动机不强及污名的影响。因此，本研究通过修订简版罗德岛大学改变评估量表，来构建我国大学生改变动机模式，以探讨不同模式下污名通过心理求助行为对心理健康的影响。

研究一检验简版罗德岛大学改变评估量表测评中国大学生群体的信度和效度，并探讨跨性别等值法；研究二利用简版罗德岛大学改变评估量表探究我国大学生针对于心理问题的改变动机模式，并探讨不同模式下个体心理求助相关因素上的差异；研究三分析心理求助行为在污名与抑郁、焦虑之间的中介作用，并用多群组比较探讨该作用机制在利用量表测得的不同的改变动机模式下的差异。

本研究的结果如下：

(1) 验证性因子分析显示简版罗德岛大学改变评估量表 4 因子模型拟合良好； 该量表在性别变量上的形态等值、弱等值、强等值和严格等值模型均成立。

(2) 我国大学生对于心理健康问题的改变动机性模式可以分为三类：“决策 型”、“非反思性行动型”和“参与型”。

(3) 心理求助行为在污名和抑郁、焦虑中的中介效应显著。

(4) 心理求助行为在污名和抑郁、焦虑中的中介效应在不同的改变动机模式上存在群组差异。

本次研究得出以下结论：

(1) 简版罗德岛大学改变评估量表具有较好的信度和效度，符合心理测量学标准，可以作为中国大学生改变的动机的测量工具。

(2) 大学生的改变动机存在不同模式，要根据不同模式个体的特点提供有针对性的心理健康服务。

(3) 针对于不同改变动机模式的大学生，污名通过心理求助行为的中介作用对抑郁和焦虑的影响不存在显著差异。

Over the past decade, mental health issues among college students in China have shown a significant upward trend, with an incidence rate of 20%-30%. There is an urgent need for professional psychological treatment to help alleviate symptoms and reduce the adverse impact of mental disorders on individuals, families, and society. However, the current help-seeking rate for psychological counseling among Chinese college students remains low. The underlying mechanisms may include weak motivation for change and the influence of stigma. Therefore, this study aims to construct a model of help-seeking motivation among Chinese college students by revising the Brief University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA-S), to explore the impact of stigma on mental health through psychological help-seeking behavior under different motivation models.

Study 1 tests the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the brief URICAS in assessing the Chinese college student population and explores gender measurement invariance. Study 2 uses the brief URICA-S to explore the motivation models of Chinese college students concerning psychological issues and examines differences in psychological help-seeking related factors under different models. Study 3 analyzes the mediating role of psychological help-seeking behavior between stigma and depression/anxiety and employs a multi-group comparison to explore whether this mechanism varies under different motivation models detected by the scale.

The results of the study are as follows:

(1) Confirmatory factor analysis shows that the 4-factor model of the brief URICA-S fits well; the scale's configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance models across gender are all supported.

(2) The motivation models of Chinese college students towards psychological health issues can be classified into three types: "Decisional," "Non-reflective Action," and "Participative."

(3) The mediating effect of psychological help-seeking behavior between stigma and depression/anxiety is significant.

(4) There is a group difference in the mediating effect of psychological helpseeking behavior between stigma and depression/anxiety across different motivation models.

The conclusions of this study are:

(1) The brief URICA-S exhibits good reliability and validity, meeting psyc hometric standards, and can be used as a tool to measure motivation for chang e among Chinese college students.

(2) College students exhibit different motivation models, and psychological health services should be tailored based on the characteristics of individuals in different models.

(3) For college students with different motivation models, there is no significant difference in the impact of stigma on depression and anxiety through the mediating role of psychological help-seeking behavior.