| 其他摘要 | Electronic cigarette is a new type of tobacco products. In recent years, it is widely popular among college students, and the effect of electronic cigarette addiction on physical and mental health is prominent. With the involvement of behavioral motivation and dual-system model in the study of behavioral problems in recent years, self-control cannot be simply studied as a whole, and its impulse system and control system play different roles in different addictive behaviors. The reinforcement sensitivity theory of behavioral motivation also indicates that the increase of reward sensitivity and the decrease of punishment sensitivity are risk factors for addiction. However, the results of different dimensions of self-control and reinforcement sensitivity in different addictive behaviors lack consistency, and there are few studies on their interaction. At present, the psychological mechanism of e-cigarette use is insufficient, and few people have studied e-cigarette addiction from the perspective of self-control and enhanced sensitivity. Adolescents are the dangerous period for the formation of addictive behaviors. College students have higher level of cognition and more stable behavior characteristics than middle school students. The study of college students can serve as a model for college students. Therefore, this study selected 18-23 college students as the research object to study the independent or joint role of selfcontrol and enhanced sensitivity in e-cigarette addiction, which is of great significance for understanding the formation of college students’ e-cigarette addiction, preventing and reducing the use of e-cigarettes, and maintaining the physical and mental health of college students.
In this study, 13,643 college students from Anhui, Hunan and other places were selected from January to April 2023, including 320 e-cigarette users and 1,461 cigarette users. General Situation Questionnaire, Penn State e-cigarette Dependence Index Scale (PSECDI), e-cigarette Taste Attractiveness Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Questionnaire (GAD7) and other scales were used to measure college students' e-cigarette use, addiction, anxiety and depression. To explore the current situation of e-cigarette use among college students and the characteristics of e-cigarette use and addiction with different flavors; Using the Chinese version of the Self-control Dual System Scale (DMSC-S) and the Behavior Inhibition/Behavior Activation Scale (BIS/BAS Scale), the effects of impulse system and control system, behavior inhibition and behavior activation on ecigarette use and addiction were analyzed from the perspective of self-control and reinforcement sensitivity.
Research has found that (1) The usage rate of e-cigarettes among college students is 2.42%, with more males than females; (2) The addiction level, anxiety, and depression scores of the e-cigarette group were higher than those of the traditional cigarette group; Behavioral activation - reward and self-control were lower than those in the traditional cigarette group; (3) The degree of addiction to e-cigarettes is positively correlated with users' anxiety and depression, and high depression and anxiety can predict e-cigarette smoking behavior; (4) Compared to tobacco flavored e-cigarettes, non tobacco flavored e-cigarettes have a higher usage rate; Bitter, spicy throat sensation, addiction to e-cigarettes, depression, and anxiety levels are lower than those of tobacco flavored e-cigarettes; The use of e-cigarettes to positively predict e-cigarette addiction through age and taste attractiveness is the first attempt to negatively predict e-cigarette addiction through age; (5) The addiction of college students to e-cigarettes is negatively correlated with the total score of self-control, positively correlated with the impulsive system, and not correlated with the control system; The addiction of e-cigarettes is positively correlated with behavioral activation drive, and the impulsive system plays a complete mediating role in behavioral activation drive and e-cigarette addiction, with a mediating effect accounting for 80.4%; When moderate dependence high dependence is used as the dependent variable, behavior inhibition predicts negatively, while behavior activation drive, behavior activation pleasure pursuit, and impulse system predict positively the highly addictive behavior of electronic cigarettes. Taking tobacco taste as a reference, the impulse system plays a partial mediating role in non tobacco taste and e-cigarette addiction, with a mediating effect accounting for 16.5%.
Overall, it has been found that the current use rate of e-cigarettes among college students in China is relatively high, with gender differences and high levels of anxiety and depression. The younger the first attempt at e-cigarettes, the longer the duration of using e-cigarettes, and the greater the appeal of e-cigarette flavors, the greater the likelihood of e-cigarette addiction; Compared to tobacco flavors, the usage rate of non tobacco flavored e-cigarettes is higher, with lower levels of addiction, anxiety, and depression, but still higher than that of the normal population. There is a negative correlation between self-control and college students' addiction to e-cigarettes, with the impulse system playing the main role and the control system not playing a significant role; Low behavioral inhibition, high behavioral activation drive, high behavioral activation pleasure pursuit, and high impulsivity are predictive factors for high addiction to e-cigarettes. Behavioral activation drive plays a joint role in e-cigarette addiction through the impulse system. This study provides a theoretical basis for reducing the likelihood of college students starting to use e-cigarettes and intervening in e-cigarette addiction behavior by identifying measures such as enhancing their sensitivity level, improving their negative emotions, and training their self-control ability. |
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