| 其他摘要 | Procrastination in the workplace is a common phenomenon in contemporary society. It not only adversely affects employees but also results in significant losses for companies. While previous research has primarily focused on cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, there has been relatively little exploration of daily diary studies examining the daily fluctuations of work procrastination within individuals. Investigating how daily work procrastination persists and influences subsequent workdays from an within individual perspective is of paramount importance. This study further explores the continuous negative consequences of daily work procrastination based on the Conservation of Resources theory (COR). Two experience-sampling studies were conducted, introducing daily rumination and next-day recovery levels as mediating mechanisms. These mechanisms were used to examine the relationships between daily work procrastination, evening rumination, and morning recovery levels on the following workday, elucidating the mechanisms through which daily work procrastination impacts next-day work procrastination. Moreover, we hypothesize that self-efficacy and mobile phone dependence play a cross-level moderateness role by affecting the connection between daily work procrastination and evening rumination, thereby indirectly influencing the individual relationships between daily work procrastination, next-morning recovery levels, and next-day work procrastination.
In study 1, 97 full-time employees were sampled for 5 days through the experience sampling method, and finally 379 valid daily data records were obtained. The questionnaire included the first-day work procrastination, rumination, the second-day work procrastination, and self-efficacy. The results of Multi-level analysis showed that the first-day work procrastination can affect the second-day work procrastination through the mediating effect of rumination; self-efficacy has a significant moderating effect on the first-day work procrastination and rumination; a high level of self-efficacy will reduce effects of first-day work procrastination on rumination.
Study 2 involved 131 telecommuting employees and spanned a 10-day data collection period, yielding 865 valid daily data points. This study assessed daily work procrastination, evening negative rumination, next-day morning recovery levels, next-day work procrastination, self-efficacy, and mobile phone dependence. Multi-level analysis revealed that rumination and recovery levels significantly mediated the relationship between daily work procrastination and next-day work procrastination. Furthermore, self-efficacy did not exhibit significant cross-level moderating effects for telecommuting employees. However, smartphone dependence was found to moderate the impact of first-day work on rumination, with higher levels of mobile phone dependence exacerbating the negative influence of first-day work procrastination on rumination.
Based on the results of Study 1 and Study 2, we posit that daily work procrastination at the individual level can influence next-day work procrastination by nightly rumination and next-morning recovery levels. For individuals commuting to work, employees with high self-efficacy experience minimal impact of daily work procrastination on nightly rumination. Conversely, for those involved in remote work and characterized by a high level of mobile phone dependence, daily work procrastination has a significant impact on nightly rumination.
Finally, the paper discusses the theoretical contributions and practical value of the study. |
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