健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

民航业作为运输行业的一条重要支撑力量，在满足人们追求高效快速出行需求的同时，也承担着生命安全保障的重大责任。民航从业者作为安全保障中人的因素，心理韧性水平、压力感知程度、心理健康状态等方面的状况，始终受到研究者关注。COVID-19 疫情造成的经济损失及其后续影响，是关系到从业者心理健康状态的新的不利因素，成为近几年研究的热点课题。本研究在文献梳理的基础上，选择经济压力这一压力源，考察心理韧性、压力感知在经济压力对心理健康状态影响中的作用机制。

本研究包括两个研究，调查被试的经济压力、心理韧性、压力感知与心理健康状态的关系。考虑到民航业的特殊性，各工种和岗位均有严格的安全作业要求，所承受的压力与风险是相同的，因此对被试所属岗位的类别未作严格匹配，主要从三类岗位人员（空勤人员、地面人员和其他人员）中进行取样；被试的人口学 特征在不同研究组之间进行了平衡或操纵。

研究一发现，民航从业者压力感知水平高于一般职业群体，在工作及工作相关事物失去控制感方面的压力更大；收入水平与预期收入之间差异显著。 在研究一的基础上，研究二引入经济压力变量，以考察实际收入与预期收入差异显著的压力影响，考察民航业的经济损失对从业者心理健康状态的影响机制。结果发现，经济压力对民航从业者心理健康状态的直接作用不显著。经济压力水平高，不一定会对心理健康状态产生直接影响。经济压力通过心理韧性、压力感知的链式中介作用，对心理健康状态产生影响。

综上，在本研究条件下，民航从业者压力感知水平高于一般职业群体，实际收入显著低于预期，但不一定导致较大的经济压力。经济压力被心理韧性和压力 感知所中介，以链式中介的方式对民航从业者心理健康状态产生影响。

As an important supporting force of the transportation industry, the civil aviation industry not only meets people's demand for efficient and rapid travel, but also bears the major responsibility of life safety. As a factor of safety protection, civil aviation practitioners' resilience, stress perception and mental health state have always been concerned by researchers. The economic losses caused by the COVID-19 epidemic and its subsequent impact are new adverse factors related to the mental health status of practitioners, and have become a hot topic of research in recent years. On the basis of literature review, this study selected economic stress as a stressor to investigate the mechanism of resilience and stress perception in the impact of economic stress on mental health.

This study includes two studies to investigate the relationship between economic stress, resilience, stress perception and mental health status of the subjects. Considering the particularity of the civil aviation industry, all types of jobs and posts have strict safety operation requirements, and the pressure and risk they bear are the same, so the categories of posts to which the subjects belong are not strictly matched, and the samples are mainly taken from three types of posts (air crew, ground personnel and other personnel). The demographic characteristics of the subjects were balanced or manipulated between the different study groups. The first study found that the level of stress perception of civil aviation practitioners was higher than that of general occupational groups, and they had greater stress in the sense of loss of control over work and work-related matters. The difference between the income level and the expected income is significant.

On the basis of study 1, study 2 introduces the economic pressure variable to investigate the pressure effect of significant difference between actual income and expected income, and investigate the impact mechanism of economic losses in the civil aviation industry on the mental health state of practitioners. The results show that the direct effect of economic stress on the mental health of civil aviation practitioners is not significant. High levels of financial stress do not necessarily have a direct impact on mental health status. Economic stress has an impact on mental health through the chain mediating effect of mental toughness and stress perception.

In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, the perceived level of stress of civil aviation practitioners is higher than that of general occupational groups, and their actual income is significantly lower than expected, but it does not necessarily lead to greater economic pressure. Economic stress is mediated by resilience and stress perception, and has an impact on the mental health of civil aviation practitioners in a chain mediated way.