中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

目的:在健康老龄化背景下，编制老年人社会参与量表，并检验其信效度，为构建老年人社会参与评估体系提供参考。方法:结合文献分析、半结构化访谈和量表评估设计量表的维度和条目，制作初始量表。以方便抽样的方式在北京市某城区街道37个社区开展调查，共获得1453名60岁以上老年人的有效样本，采用随机分半样本1(n=752)进行项目分析、探索性因子分析等，样本2(n=701)进行验证性因子分析及信效度检验。分析社会参与和抑郁情绪及正负情绪等心理健康指标的相关性。结果:新编量表包含22个条目，社会参与分为亲友互访、团体文娱、志愿公益、家事活动、休闲活动、网络参与6个维度。6因子结构模型拟合良好：χ~2/df=3.26,CFI=0.91,TLI=0.89,RMSEA=0.057,SRMR=0.048。量表具有良好的项目区分度、omega合成信度(0.87)、ICC重测信度(0.85)和效标关联效度(0.49)。社会参与和抑郁情绪(-0.26)、正向情绪(0.33)、负向情绪(-0.12)等心理健康指标显著相关。结论:本研究编制的老年人社会参与量表具有一定的科学性，经检验量表具有较好的信效度，和抑郁情绪及正负情绪等心理健康指标呈显著相关，可用于评估老年人的社会参与状况。

Objective:To develop the social participation scale for older adults in the context of healthy aging,test its reliability and validity,so as to provide a reference basis for constructing an evaluation system for the social participation of the elderly.Methods:Based on literature analysis,in-depth interviews and expert evaluation,the dimensions and items of the scale were designed to form the initial scale.A survey was conducted in 37 communities of a certain urban street in Beijing using a convenient sampling method,and a total of 1453 valid samples of old adults aged 60 and above were obtained,and samples were randomly split into half,sample 1(n=752)was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis,sample 2(n=701)for confirmatory factor analysis and reliability and validity testing.The correlation between social participation and psychological health indicators such as depression and positive and negative emotions was analyzed.Results:The newly developed scale included 22 items,and social participation was divided into 6 dimensions:family and friend visit,group entertainment,volunteer public welfare,household activities,leisure activities and online participation.The six-factor model had good fitness(χ2/df=3.26,CFI=0.91,TLI=0.89,RMSEA=0.057,SRMR=0.048).The scale was proved to have good discriminability and reliability,with omega coefficient of 0.87,ICC retest reliability was 0.85,and criterion correlation validity was 0.49.There was a significant correlation between social participation and mental health indicators including depressive emotions(-0.26),positive emotions(0.33)and negative emotions(-0.12).Conclusion:The social participation scale for old adults developed in this study has good reliability and validity,it is significantly correlated with mental health indicators such as depression and positive and negative emotions,and can be used to measure older adults social participation level.

国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为71774157;; 中国科学院心理研究所行为科学院重点实验室重点项目,编号为Y5CX052003