中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

背景 父母正念养育水平关系青少年的身心健康，但目前关于正念养育的实证研究较少，尚未查见探讨父母正念养育通过教养压力对青少年攻击行为的影响及主客体效应的研究。目的 探讨父母正念养育通过教养压力对青少年攻击行为的影响及主客体效应，为改善家庭教育以及对青少年行为问题的干预提供参考。方法 于2023年9月8日—15日，在四川省绵阳市某学校的小学五年级和六年级以及初中三个年级中的各年级随机选择3个班级、共907名学生，以学生家庭（包括父母和孩子）作为研究对象。采用正念养育量表（MIPQ）评定父母的正念养育水平，采用养育压力量表简化版（PSI-SF）评定父母的教养压力水平，采用青少年自评量表（YSR）中的攻击行为维度评定青少年攻击行为。采用Pearson相关分析考查各量表评分的相关性，采用主客体互倚模型分析父母正念养育对自身及配偶教养压力的影响，以及通过教养压力对青少年攻击行为的影响。结果 共472个家庭完成有效问卷调查。在主体效应方面，父亲正念养育通过父亲教养压力影响青少年攻击行为的效应值为-0.018(P=0.002)，母亲正念养育通过母亲教养压力影响青少年攻击行为的效应值为-0.026(P<0.01)。在客体效应方面，父亲正念养育通过母亲教养压力影响青少年攻击行为的效应值为-0.006(P=0.026)，母亲正念养育通过父亲教养压力影响青少年攻击行为的效应值为-0.007(P=0.012)。结论 父母正念养育可以通过自身及配偶的教养压力水平间接影响青少年攻击行为，主客体效应均显著。

Background　 Mindful parenting is related to the physical and mental health of adolescents， but only few empirical studies have been conducted on the mindful parenting and none has addressed on the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents′ aggressive behaviors via parenting stress. Objective　 To explore the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents′ aggressive behaviors via parenting stress， so as to provide references for improvements in family education and interventions on behavioral problems in adolescents. Methods　 A sample of 907 subjects （including family members and students） from three classes in each of five grades from grade 5 in elementary school to grade 9 in junior high school in Mianyang， Sichuan Province were selected from September 8 to 15， 2023. Parents were assessed with Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire （MIPQ） and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form （PSI-SF）， and students were required to fulfill aggressive behavior scale of Youth Self-Report（ YSR）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation among the above scales. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the impact of mindful parenting on their own and their spouses′ parenting stress， as well as the impact on adolescents′ aggressive behaviors via parenting stress. Results　A total of 472 families completed the effective questionnaires. Both father and mother′s mindful parenting exhibited an actor effect on adolescents′ aggressive behaviors via their own parenting stress， with the effect size of -0. 018 （P=0. 002） and -0. 026 （P=0. 012）. The partner effect sizes of father′s mindful parenting and mother′s mindful parenting on adolescents′ aggressive behaviors via their spouse′s parenting stress were -0. 006 （P=0. 026） and -0. 007（ P=0. 012）， respectively. Conclusion　Mindful parenting has been proven to have specific indirect impact on adolescents′ aggressive behaviors through their own and their spouse′s parenting stress， and the actor effect and partner effect are found both significant. ［Funded by Key Project of National Education Science Planning and Ministry of Education （number， DBA220439）］

全国教育科学规划教育部重点项目（项目名称：婴幼儿父母养育倦怠的动态网络分析：联结机制与干预策略,项目编号：DBA220439）~~