中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

趋利避害是生物体最基本的特征之一,人类的某些"趋害"行为质疑了这一本能说。研究发现,对经历的回顾性评价是由经历中具有特殊性质的片断通过加权平均所决定。研究从探索起决定性作用的片断展开,涉及的领域逐渐扩大。该文着重介绍了峰值-结尾规则及持续时间忽略等发现,并指出减少实验误差,拓宽应用领域,扩展对有利刺激序列的研究是该领域未来主要的研究方向。

That positive utilities are to be approached and negative utilities are to be avoided is one of the inherent instincts of organisms.However,such a view is sometimes challenged by human positive-utility-appraching behaviors.Accumulated evidences suggest that decisions are often controlled by global retrospective evaluations of relevant experiences,which appear to be dominated both by a weighted average of some salient pieces and the specific features of experiences,which have drawn research attention in specific fields for years.Three significant findings(i.e.,peak-end rule,duration neglect and violations of monotonicity) are presented in this paper.Theoretical and practical implications are developed and discussed.

中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCXI-YW-R-130) 国家自然科学基金(NSFC:70871110) 北京重点学科建设项目 2009年中国科学院研究生科技创新类项目资助