中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

对中、日、美三国的社会规范进行了比较研究。被试为北京1434人,大阪608人,洛杉矶1409人。在3方共同研讨基础上编制了统一的调查问卷,共67个项目。采用SPSS 10.0软件对结果进行了多元统计、解析。结果表明:(1)三国国民的社会规范的基本维度是一致的,包括伦理道德、价值取向、法律规章和社会习俗4个维度。其中,伦理道德和价值取向组成内控规范,法律规章和社会习俗组成外控规范。(2)中日两国的社会规范都是以内控规范为主,外控规范为辅。中国人在内控规范中,以伦理道德为主,价值取向为次; 在外控规范中,法律规章为主,社会习俗为辅。而日本人的内控规范中却以价值取向为主,伦理道德为辅。(3)美国人的社会规范以外控为主,内控为辅。在外控的两大维度中,法律规章为主,社会习俗为次; 在内控规范中,以价值取向为主,伦理道德为辅。尽管三国之间有着相同的规范维度,但组成各规范维度的具体规范,既有超越特定文化的共同规范,又存在着依存于特定文化的特殊规范。社会规范的文化差异是导致管理冲突的根本原因。

The comparative research to social norms of Chinese, Japanese and Americans was carried through. The subjects in Beijing were 1434, in Osaka 608 and in Los Angeles 1409. Sixty - seven items were included in the survey questionnaire, which was made by the three sides through discussion. The SPSS10. 0 was used in the statistics. The results showed: (1) The basic two types of social norms of the Chinese, the Japanese and the Americans were the same, including the ethic and moral, value orientation, the law and...