中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的:探索农村留守学生社会支持和校园人际关系的特点。方法:随机抽取重庆、贵州两地乡镇的667名中小学生进行社会支持、校园人际关系及相关因素的调查。结果:留守学生的社会支持总分和主观社会支持低于对照组学生(35.4±6.7/36.5±6.6,F[1,622]=3.87,P<0.05;20.8±3.6/21.4±3.6,F[1,622]=5.38,P<0.05),而在不和谐师生关系和校园暴力两个维度上高于对照组学生(7.1±2.2/6.6±2.4,F[1,622]=6.30,P<0.05;4.0±1.7/3.8±1.5,F[1,622]=2.83,P=0.09);父母与留守学生的联系频次影响留守学生的社会支持各维度以及不和谐师生关系、不和谐同学关系和校园暴力等。父母与留守学生联系越密切,他们社会支持和校园人际关系越趋于良好。结论:父母的离开影响了留守学生的社会支持和校园人际关系,外出打工的父母与留守学生的密切联系可以增强留守学生的社会支持和校园人际关系。

Objective： To explore the characteristics of social supports and personal relationships of children left in rural areas by their parents working out of town. Methods： Investigate the characteristics of social supports and peer relationships in 667 students from elementary schools or high schools in local villages and towns of Chongqing and Guizhou. Results： The social supports level of children left in rural areas were significantly lower than common children in total score （ 35. 4 ± 6. 7/36. 5 ± 6. 6, F [ 1, 622 ] = 3. 87, P 〈 0. 05 ） and subjective social support scores （20.8±3.6/21.4±3.6, F [1, 622] =5.38, P〈0.05） . At the same time, their inharmonious relation with teachers （ 7. 1 ± 2.2/6. 6 ± 2. 4, F [ 1, 622 ] = 6. 30, P 〈 0. 05 ） and violent behavior at school （ 4. 0 ± 1.7/3.8 ± 1.5, F [ 1, 622 ] = 2. 83, P = 0. 09 ） were significantly different. The main effect of contact frequency between parents and children when the parents go out to work was highly significant in all the dimensions of social supports and three dimensions of personal relationships including inharmonious relation with peers, with teachers and violent behav- ior at school. The higher the contact frequency with the children left in rural areas was, the better social supports and personal relationships in school were. Conclusion： The social supports and personal relationships in school of children left in rural areas are influenced by the departure of their parents. For the children left in rttral areas, the close contact from parents could enhance the childreng social support and personal relationships in school.

自然科学基金项目(30300113)