中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

智力功能个体差异呈正态分布有不同观点:g因素决定特殊能力分化程度差异论、因素搭配差异论; 单一认知机能、认知机能系统中的一个或者几个认知机能缺陷影响智力功能差异论; 认知发展理论的要素功能大小和要素关联关系强弱、结构差异论; 文化活动结构差异和遗传进化的神经效率差异论; 神经活动特性水平和神经活动区域效率差异、人格中介情景任务和人格限制成分功能表现说。已有智力个体差异研究有四个不足,未来研究有四个方向。

There are different views on the normal distribution of intelligence function： g factor determining difference of the differentiation of special abilities and the difference of factors arrangement, the single or the deficit of one or several cognitive functions influencing the difference of intelligence function, the difference of cognitive domains and the difference of cognitive functions, the difference of the construct of cultural activity and the difference of neural efficiency from evolutional heredity, the influence of personality on intelligence perform, ace by agency of situational tasks and the limitation of personality to the performance of components of intelligence. There are four short-comings in past research, and four orientations for future research.