Background & purpose: The research aims at the mother's ability of maternal mind-mindedness and emotional recognition, and explores the factors influencing mother's ability of maternal mind-mindedness and emotional recognition from the perspective of mother's own attachment status and psychological health. It is hoped that a new perspective can be used to find clues for improving maternal mind-mindedness and emotion recognition ability, so as to improve mother-child communication in Chinese cultural context.Method: The researcher invited mothers from Wechat group “Parents' Reading Club” to participate in the study in the form of interviews and questionnaires. The researcher explained the research process in detail. First, the mothers were invited to participate in the interview. After the interview, the questionnaires are sent online to fill in. The interviews will be recorded, converted into text, coded and calculated with the "Mind-Mindedness Coding Manual". Mothers' emotional recognition ability was measured by using 48 children emotional expression pictures of eight emotional categories from “The Dartmouth Database of Children’s Faces”. In addition, Symptom Checklist 90 was used to measure the mental health status of mothers, and Adult attachment Experience Survey was used to measure the attachment status of mothers.Results: (1) The results of this study showed that there was a significant negative correlation between mother's mind-mindedness score (the ratio of mind related comments in total comments) and negative emotion recognition (anger, disgust) errors (p < 0.05). That is, for the mothers, the higher the ratio of mind-related comments, the lower the error rate in identifying anger and disgust emotions. (2) From the other two dimensions of mind-mindedness, the positive and negative mind-related comments, the researcher also found a significant correlation with anger recognition errors. There is a negative correlation between anger recognition errors and positive comments (p < 0.01), and a positive correlation between anger recognition errors and negative comments (p < 0.01). (3) In the study of the relationship between mental health and emotional recognition ability, there was a significant difference between the depression group and the healthy group (P < 0.05) in sad emotion recognition errors. The average of depression group (1.94) was significantly lower than that of control group (3.11). (4) From the perspective of mothers' attachment, we found that there was a significant positive correlation between total attachment score and sad emotion recognition errors (P < 0.05), and a significant negative correlation between total attachment score and neutral emotion recognition errors (P < 0.05). (5) It is also showed there was a positive correlation between the score of the safety attachment subscale and the total score of emotional recognition (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The stronger maternal mind-mindedness is, the stronger the mother's ability to identify the two negative emotions of disgust and anger is; the higher ratio the positive mind-related comments is and the lower ratio the negative mind-related comments is, the stronger the mother's ability to identify angry emotion is; the mothers with depressive symptoms make significantly lower mistakes in identifying sad emotions than healthy mothers; The more secure maternal attachment is, the stronger the ability to identify neutral emotions is and the weaker the ability to identify sad emotion is. The more secure maternal attachment is, the higher the ability to identify children's emotions is.
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