| 其他摘要 | Background and purpose: In 2021，China's birth rate is 7.52 }o and the natural growth rate is 0.34%。，which is below 1%for two consecutive years and the lowest in 72 years since 1950. After a series of encouraging birth policy, the birth rate has declined for a long time, reflecting the continued low fertility intention of Chinese families. The family fertility intention is affected by the external social environment, the internal condition of the family, and internal factors of the fertility giver. Among them, internal factors of the fertility giver are particularly important. Child bearers are more worried about the burnout, anxiety, exhaustion, and powerlessness that can come with raising children. Raising children has become a challenging and stressful job, which makes parents feel tired and worried. This study aims to explore the relationship between early childhood behavior problems and parental burnout, as well as the mediating role of parental bothersome level. From the perspective of parents, this study aims to find out the mutual relationship so as to provide ideas for improving early childhood behavior problems, enhancing parenting feelings and enhancing parents' fertility intention.
Method: The Chinese version of (Early Childhood Behavior Scale，ECBI), which was compiled by American scholar Roy P Martin and translated by our research group and the Chinese version of (Parental Burnout Questionnaire, PBA), which was translated and revised by Cheng Huabin and Li Yongxin, were used in this study. Adopting the convenient sampling principle, parents of three public kindergartens in Jinan and one private kindergarten in Beijing were selected for the questionnaire survey. SPSS26.0, AMOS24, and Gpower3.1 were used for data management, storage, and analysis. The analysis methods included confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, descriptive statistics of demographic variables, independent sample t-test, difference analysis, and effect value calculation. Finally, the mediating role of parental bothersome level in the relationship between early childhood behavior problems and parental burnout was examined.
Results: (1) Confirmatory factor analysis of frequency scale and bothersome scale of ECBI Early Childhood Behavior Scale showed good reliability and validity. (2) The detection rate of behavior problems in children was 14.86% (63/424) and boys were higher than girls. The top five early childhood behavior problems are attention problems, shy and withdrawn asocial problems, psychosomatic complaints illness, non-compliance and aggressive behavior; there are significant differences between boys and girls. (3) The level of parental burnout of mothers is higher than that of fathers. (4) The main undertaker of parenting task is different while the level of parental burnout is different. When the elders mainly bear the parenting task, both parents have the highest level of parental burnout. Among parents, mothers who share primary parenting tasks with fathers, have the lowest burnout value; Fathers who do primary parenting alone have the lowest levels of burnout themselves. (5) There is a significant positive correlation among early childhood behavioral problems, parental burnout and parental bothersome level.
Conclusions: Early childhood behavioral problems can cause parental burnout; parental bothersome level partially mediates the relationship between them. The results of this study help to reveal the characteristics of early childhood behavior problems and have certain enlightening significance to improve the level of parental anxiety or parental burnout, intervene in early childhood problem behavior and maintain the mental health of parents and children. |
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