| 其他摘要 | Flow refers to the mental state of being fully immersed in an activity, and this positive state has been documented to be beneficial for improving life quality of human beings. Individuals usually experience strong flow state in artistic activities, and flow experience that commonly emerges during artistic activities is considered foundational for its healing aspects for the mind. However, there are few researches on the neural mechanism of flow experience in art activities. The benefits of Calligraphy writing to physical and mental health have been well recognized in traditional conceptions of Chinese. The characteristics of calligraphy art make it have a wide space to generate flow. The flow experience brought by calligraphy may be an important way to promote mental health. Therefore, this study explores the internal mechanism of calligraphy promoting mental health from the perspective of flow.
In the first study, an imitation task of calligraphy writing was adopted based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology in healthy adult subjects with no calligraphy experience, in order to explore the neural activity pattern of flow experience in calligraphy process and its psychological neural mechanism to promote pleasure. Subjects were asked to watch calligraphy writing clips and simultaneously imitate to "write" with their right hand. After the experiment, subjects' subjective flow and pleasure experience in calligraphy activities were collected immediately. To investigate how neural network interactions in calligraphy activities support flow and contribute to positive and pleasant experiences. The results showed that calligraphic handwriting recruits visual, sensorimotor, and dorsal attentional networks as well as affective-related network. Besides, we demonstrate that higher flow is characterized by an efficiently working brain which manifests as less activation particularly in the brain networks and functional connectivity between networks in calligraphy. Furthermore, we also propose that pleasure during calligraphy writing arises from efficient cortical activity in the emergence of flow, and the orbito-caudate circuit responsible for feelings of affection. These findings provide new insight into the neuropsychological representations of flow through art, and highlight the potential benefits of artistic activities to boost wellbeing and prosperity.
In study 2, in the process of dynamic calligraphy learning, the neural mechanism of subjective flow in calligraphy practice was further studied, as well as the influence of pleasure induced by flow on mental health and happiness. The elderly subjects without formal calligraphy learning experience were given calligraphy training for 4 weeks, 3 times a week, andl hour each time, and their mental health and well-being levels. At the same time, near infrared functional imaging (fNIRS) was used to collect brain activity indicators during the actual calligraphy task and flow and pleasure were also collected. On the basis of study 1，it was further studied in study 2 that what the physiological and neural mechanism of flow in the process of calligraphy training is and how flow experiences can enhance happiness and improve mental health. The results showed that after four weeks of calligraphy training, the visual network (VN), sensorimotor network (SMN), dorsal attention network (DAN) activation and network functional connectivity were increased, and flow and pleasure were significantly enhanced. In addition, the more flow increases in calligraphy, the more, the more pleasure increases. Last, short-term calligraphy practice can reduce the negative emotions of the subjects, but has no significant effect on the positive emotions and subjective well-being of the subjects.
In conclusion, this study, combined with the cross-sectional and longitudinal research design, preliminary investigated the neural mechanism of flow experience in calligraphy |
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