中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的:探究父母饮食素养与儿童情绪行为问题的关系,以及儿童饮食行为和父母陪伴在二者关系中的作用.方法:在青岛、大连、沈阳选取750名3～6岁儿童的父母,采用营养知识问卷、儿童饮食行为问卷、儿童长处和困难问卷(SDQ)(父母版)测量父母饮食素养、儿童饮食行为和儿童情绪行为问题.用SPSS PROCESS程序考察有调节的中介效应.结果:父母饮食素养得分与SDQ儿童情绪问题得分(β=-0.11,P＜0.01)、品行问题得分(β=-0.15,P＜0.001)、亲社会行为得分(β=-0.11,P＜0.001)和同伴交往问题得分(β=-0.09,P＜0.05)均负向关联.儿童饮食行为在父母饮食素养与儿童情绪症状、品行问题、亲社会行为、同伴交往问题之间起中介作用(β=-0.04、-0.03、0.02、-0.03,均P＜0.05),父母陪伴对儿童饮食行为与儿童情绪问题的关系起调节作用(β=-0.17,P＜0.05).结论:父母饮食素养可能既能与儿童情绪行为问题有直接关联,也可以通过儿童饮食行为与儿童情绪行为问题有间接关联.父母陪伴在儿童饮食行为和儿童情绪问题的关系中起调节作用.

Objective: To explore the relationship between parents' dietary literacy and children's emotional and behavior problems, and the role of children's food habits and parents' companionship. Methods: A total of 750 parents of preschoolers aged 3-6 years from Qingdao, Dalian and Shenyang were recruited. The Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire, Children's Dietary Behavior Questionnaire and Children's Strengths and Difficulties Question moderated mediating effect. Results: Parents' dietary literacy score measured by Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire could affect children's emotional and behavior problems score measured by SDQ. Specifically, it had a significant negative correlation on children's emotional problems (,l3=-0. 11, P<0. 01)，conduct problems(,l3=-0. 15, P<0. 001)，children's prosocial behavior (,l3=-0. 11, P<0. 001) and peer communication problems (,l3=-0. 09, P<0. OS). Among them, children's eating behavior mediates between parents' eating literacy and children's emotional problems, conduct problems, prosocial behavior and peer communication problems (,l3=-0. 04，-0. 03, 0. 02，-0. 03, 0.05)，and parents' companionship moderated the latter part of this mediation process(l3=-0. 17, P<0.05）. Conclusion: Parents' dietary literacy is directly related to children's emotional behavior problems and can also indirectly correlate with children's emotional behavior problems through children's dietary behavior. Parents' daily companionship could moderate the relationship between children's eating behavior and children's emotional symptoms.