中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的:了解我国青少年生活方式的现状。方法:采用横断面研究方法。分层随机取样收集全国9个省(自治区、直辖市)初一至大四15000名在校学生的相关资料,回收有效问卷10899份。用自编人口学信息调查表及青少年生活方式问卷(Chinese Adolescent Lifestyles Scale,CALS)进行调查。结果:CALS各因子分均>2.5分,体育锻炼因子分最低(2.72±0.64);男生生活满意度得分高于女生[(2.91±0.48)vs.(2.81±0.44),P<0.001];重点学校青少年客观行为分及生活满意度分均高于非重点学校[(3.04±0.38)vs.(2.93±0.38),(2.89±0.48)vs.(2.84±0.46);均P<0.001];独生子女客观行为分及生活满意度分均高于非独生子女[(3.05±0.39)vs.(2.88±0.35),(2.92±0.48)vs.(2.78±0.44);均P<0.001];初中生客观行为分及生活满意度分最高,高中生次之,大学生最低[(3.05±0.41)vs.(3.01±0.37)vs.(2.86±0.33);(3.01±0.48)vs.(2.84±0.47)vs.(2.74±0.42),均P<0.001];大城市青少年客观行为分及生活满意度最高,中小城市次之,乡镇农村最低[(3.07±0.38)vs.(2.97±0.38)vs.(2.89±0.36);(2.93±0.48)vs.(2.85±0.46)vs.(2.80±0.45),均P<0.001]。结论:青少年生活方式总体状况良好,中学生、城市青少年、重点学校青少年、独生子女生活方式更好。

Objective:To investigation the situations of lifestyles among Chinese adolescents.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,15000 students from junior high schools,senior high schools and universities in 9 provinces of China were selected by stratified sampling method,and were tested with the self-made Demographic Information Questionnaire and Chinese Adolescent Lifestyles Scale(CALS).Finally 10899 valid questionnaires were returned.Results:The scores of lifestyles factors were all above 2.5,and among them the score of physical exercise was the lowest(2.72±0.64).The life satisfaction score in male students was higher than that in females[(2.91±0.48)vs.(2.81±0.44),P<0.001].The behavior and life satisfaction scores in students from key school were higher than that in students from general school[(3.04±0.38)vs.(2.93±0.38),(2.89±0.48)vs.(2.84±0.46),Ps<0.001].The behavior and life satisfaction scores in only child students were higher than non-only child students[(3.05±0.39)vs.(2.88±0.35),(2.92±0.48)vs.(2.78±0.44),Ps<0.001].The behavior and life satisfaction scores were the highest in junior high school students,middle in senior high school students,and the lowest in university students[(3.05±0.41)vs.(3.01±0.37)vs.(2.86±0.33),(3.01±0.48)vs.(2.84±0.47)vs.(2.74±0.42),Ps<0.001].The behavior and life satisfaction scores were the highest in students from big city,middle in those from small city,and the lowest in those from rural area[(3.07±0.38)vs.(2.97±0.38)vs.(2.89±0.36),(2.93±0.48)vs.(2.85±0.46)vs.(2.80±0.45),Ps<0.001].Conclusion:The lifestyles of adolescents are good in general.The lifestyles are better in high school students,city adolescents,key school students and only-child students.

中国科学院心理研究所青年科学基金(07CX061006)